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The Physical Properties of the Atmosphere in the New Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model (HadGEM1). Part I: Model Description and Global Climatology
Abstract
The atmospheric component of the new Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model (HadGEM1) is described and an assessment of its mean climatology presented. HadGEM1 includes substantially improved representations of physical processes, increased functionality, and higher resolution than its predecessor, the Third Hadley Centre Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere General Circulation Model (HadCM3). Major developments are the use of semi-Lagrangian instead of Eulerian advection for both dynamical and tracer fields; new boundary layer, gravity wave drag, microphysics, and sea ice schemes; and major changes to the convection, land surface (including tiled surface characteristics), and cloud schemes. There is better coupling between the atmosphere, land, ocean, and sea ice subcomponents and the model includes an interactive aerosol scheme, representing both the first and second indirect effects. Particular focus has been placed on improving the processes (such as clouds and aerosol) that are most uncertain in projections of climate change. These developments lead to a significantly more realistic simulation of the processes represented, the most notable improvements being in the hydrological cycle, cloud radiative properties, the boundary layer, the tropopause structure, and the representation of tracers.
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Cited by
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The HadGEM2 Development Team: G. M. Martin, Bellouin, N., Collins, W. J., Culverwell, I. D., Halloran, P. R., Hardiman, S. C., Hinton, T. J., Jones, C. D., McDonald, R. E., McLaren, A. J., et al. (2011) · Geoscientific Model Development · doi:10.5194/gmd-4-723-2011 · Cited by 934
Self-citationWeedon, G. P., Gomes, S., Viterbo, P., Shuttleworth, W. J., Blyth, E., Österle, H., Adam, J. C., Bellouin, N., Boucher, O., & Best, M. (2011) · Journal of Hydrometeorology · doi:10.1175/2011jhm1369.1 · Cited by 832
Quaas, J., Ming, Y., Menon, S., Takemura, T., Wang, M., Penner, J. E., Gettelman, A., Lohmann, U., Bellouin, N., Boucher, O., et al. (2009) · Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.5194/acp-9-8697-2009 · Cited by 432
The New Hadley Centre Climate Model (HadGEM1): Evaluation of Coupled Simulations
Johns, T. C., Durman, C. F., Banks, H. T., Roberts, M. J., McLaren, A. J., Ridley, J. K., Senior, C. A., Williams, K. D., Jones, A., Rickard, G. J., et al. (2006) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli3712.1 · Cited by 428
Self-citationReview of the global models used within phase 1 of the Chemistry–Climate Model Initiative (CCMI)
Morgenstern, O., Hegglin, M. I., Rozanov, E., O'Connor, F. M., Abraham, N. L., Akiyoshi, H., Archibald, A. T., Bekki, S., Butchart, N., Chipperfield, M. P., et al. (2017) · Geoscientific Model Development · doi:10.5194/gmd-10-639-2017 · Cited by 401
Climate change impacts on future photovoltaic and concentrated solar power energy output
Crook, J. A., Jones, L. A., Forster, P. M., & Crook, R. (2011) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/c1ee01495a · Cited by 288
Latham, J., Bower, K., Choularton, T., Coe, H., Connolly, P., Cooper, G., Craft, T., Foster, J., Gadian, A., Galbraith, L., et al. (2012) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2012.0086 · Cited by 232
Lauer, A., & Hamilton, K. (2013) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli-d-12-00451.1 · Cited by 120
Davies‐Barnard, T., Valdes, P. J., Singarayer, J. S., Wiltshire, A. J., & Jones, C. D. (2015) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1002/2014gb004949 · Cited by 52
Metadata
- Authors
- Martin, G. M., Ringer, M. A., Pope, V. D., Jones, A., Dearden, C., & Hinton, T. J.
- Venue
- Journal of Climate
- Publisher
- American Meteorological Society
- Published
- 2006-04-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1274-1301
- ISSN
- 0894-8755 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-0442
- OpenAlex
- W2026622898
- Cited by
- 308
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 21.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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