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Age-dependent decline of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to assess whether the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is retained from childhood into adulthood. METHOD: A search of the literature yielded nine prospective studies in which cohorts of children with the disorder were formed and then reexamined 4-16 years later to determine the level of retained ADHD. The resulting data were subjected to nonlinear regression analysis to ascertain the relationship with chronological age. RESULTS: The data followed an exponential decline over time to a high degree of accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of ADHD in a given age group appears to decline by 50% approximately every 5 years. If a prevalence of ADHD in childhood of 4% is assumed and the exponential decline extrapolated, the estimated rate of adult ADHD ranges from about 0.8% at age 20 to 0.05% at age 40.
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Cited by
Prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: meta-analysis
Simon, V., Czobor, P., Bálint, S., Mészáros, Á., & Bitter, I. (2009) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.048827 · Cited by 1,601
Biederman, J. (2000) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.5.816 · Cited by 1,498
Barkley, R. A., Fischer, M., Smallish, L., & Fletcher, K. (2002) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.111.2.279 · Cited by 1,199
Diagnosis and Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents
Goldman, L. S. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.279.14.1100 · Cited by 1,082
Kooij, S. J., Bejerot, S., Blackwell, A., Caci, H., Casas-Brugué, M., Carpentier, P. J., Edvinsson, D., Fayyad, J., Foeken, K., Fitzgerald, M., et al. (2010) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-10-67 · Cited by 928
“Until recently, the disorder was considered by many to resolve during adolescence and young adulthood with little or no continued impact in adult life [1], although descriptions of the adult condition appeared in the psychiatric literature from 1976 onwards [2].”
Metadata
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 1996-09-01
- Volume
- 153
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1143-1146
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W1624330530
- Cited by
- 284
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 5.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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