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Cited by 137Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentTreatment of Major DepressionAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Characteristics of Depressed Preschoolers With and Without Anhedonia: Evidence for a Melancholic Depressive Subtype in Young Children

Luby, Joan L., Mrakotsky, Christine, Heffelfinger, Amy, Brown, Kathy, Spitznagel, Edward·2004·American Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.11.1998
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated whether a melancholic subtype similar to that established in depressed adults can be identified in depressed preschool children. METHOD: A final group total of 156 preschool children between the ages of 3.0 and 5.6 years and their caregivers underwent a comprehensive psychiatric assessment that included a structured psychiatric interview modified for young children. The clinical characteristics of four study groups (N=156) were compared: depressed preschoolers with anhedonia, depressed preschoolers without anhedonia ("hedonic"), a psychiatric comparison group with DSM-IV attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and/or oppositional defiant disorder, and a healthy comparison group. RESULTS: Fifty-four depressed preschoolers were identified, and 57% of this depressed group was anhedonic, a symptom deemed to be highly developmentally and clinically significant when arising in the preschool period. The anhedonic depressed subgroup identified was characterized by greater depression severity, alterations in stress cortisol reactivity, increased family history of major depressive disorder, and increased frequency of psychomotor retardation as well as other melancholic symptoms, such as a lack of brightening in response to joyful events. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical characteristics of this depressed subgroup are consistent with those described in melancholic depressed adults and suggest that a melancholic depressed subtype can be manifest in children as young as age 3.

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Crossref · 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.11.1998

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Metadata

Authors
Luby, J. L., Mrakotsky, C., Heffelfinger, A., Brown, K., & Spitznagel, E.
Affiliations
Washington University in St. Louis (US)
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published
2004-11-01
Volume
161
Issue
11
Pages
1998-2004
ISSN
  • 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
  • 1535-7228
DOI
10.1176/appi.ajp.161.11.1998
OpenAlex
W2097879830
Cited by
137
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 7
FWCI
10.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (K08MH001462, K08 MH 01462-01)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
endogenous depression, anhedonia, depression subtypes, young children, cortisol response, psychomotor retardation, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, depression severity
MeSH terms
Affective Symptoms, Age Factors, Child, Preschool, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Depressive Disorder, Ethnicity, Family, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Income, Life Change Events, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Saliva, Severity of Illness Index, Sex Factors, Comorbidity, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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