Cited by 315Personality Disorders and PsychopathologyPersonality Traits and PsychologyBipolar Disorder and Treatment

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Borderline Personality Disorder: Ontogeny of a Diagnosis

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Gunderson, John G.·2009·American Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08121825PMC PMC3145201

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to describe the development of the borderline personality disorder diagnosis, highlighting both the obstacles encountered and the associated achievements. METHOD: On the basis of a review of the literature, the author provides a chronological account of the borderline construct in psychiatry, summarizing progress in decade-long intervals. RESULTS: Borderline personality disorder has moved from being a psychoanalytic colloquialism for untreatable neurotics to becoming a valid diagnosis with significant heritability and with specific and effective psychotherapeutic treatments. Nonetheless, patients with this disorder pose a major public health problem while they themselves remain highly stigmatized and largely neglected. CONCLUSIONS: Despite remarkable changes in our knowledge about borderline personality disorder, increased awareness involving much more education and research is still needed. Psychiatric institutions, professional organizations, public policies, and reimbursement agencies need to prioritize this need.

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Authors: Gunderson, J. G.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author: Gunderson, John G.
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 2009-05
Volume: 166
Issue: 5
Pages: 530-539
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08121825
PMC: PMC3145201
OpenAlex: W2126837733
Cited by: 315
References: 118
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 2.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH400122, MH 400130, R01MH070377, R01MH050840)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
Keywords: borderline personality disorder, history of diagnosis, psychiatric classification, heritability, psychotherapy, stigma, public health burden
MeSH terms: Affect, Awareness, Borderline Personality Disorder, Countertransference, Diagnosis, Differential, Health Education, Humans, Psychoanalytic Therapy, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

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Borderline Personality Disorder: Ontogeny of a Diagnosis

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