Cited by 74Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesPosttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchTrauma and Emergency Care Studies

Screening and Intervention for Comorbid Substance Disorders, PTSD, Depression, and Suicide: A Trauma Center Survey

Open access
Love, Jeff, Zatzick, Douglas·2014·Psychiatric Services

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Few investigations have examined screening and intervention procedures for comorbid substance use and mental disorders at trauma centers in the United States, although these disorders are endemic among survivors of traumatic injury. In 2006, the American College of Surgeons (ACS) mandated that level I and level II trauma centers screen for alcohol use problems and that level I centers provide brief intervention for those who screen positive. The ACS is expected to recommend best practice policy guidelines for screening for drug use problems and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study examined screening and intervention procedures for the full spectrum of comorbid mental and substance use disorders at U.S. trauma centers. METHODS: Respondents at all level I and level II trauma centers (N=518) in the United States were asked to complete a survey describing screening and intervention procedures for alcohol and drug use problems, suicidality, depression, and PTSD. RESULTS: There were 391 (75%) respondents. Over 80% of trauma centers routinely screened for alcohol and drug use problems. Routine screening and intervention for suicidality, depression, and PTSD were markedly less common; in fact, only 7% of centers reported routine screening for PTSD. Consistent with ACS policy, level I centers were significantly more likely than level II centers to provide alcohol intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol screening and intervention occurred frequently at U.S. trauma centers and appeared to be responsive to ACS mandates. In the future, efforts to orchestrate clinical investigation and policy could enhance screening and intervention procedures for highly prevalent, comorbid mental disorders.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1176/appi.ps.201300399

Cites

30 of 30 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Less than 50% of all patients are screened for suicidality, 25% for depression, and 7% for PTSD symptoms at level I and II trauma centers across the USA.

    “Less than 50% of all patients are screened for suicidality, 25% for depression, and 7% for PTSD symptoms at level I and II trauma centers across the USA [58].”

    From Adolescent Suicide—Understanding Unique Risks and Opportunities for Trauma Centers to Recognize, Intervene, and Prevent a Leading Cause of Death (2022) · cites this paper as [58]

    The Results report that 49% of trauma centers screened for suicide, 23% for depression, and 7% for PTSD. These are percentages of centers reporting screening practices, not percentages of all patients screened; the cited depression figure is also 23%, not 25%. (LLM, conf=0.90)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Love, J., & Zatzick, D.
Affiliations
University of Washington (US)
Venue
Psychiatric Services
Published
2014-07
Volume
65
Issue
7
Pages
918-923
ISSN
  • 0022-1597 (ISSN-L)
  • 1075-2730
  • 1557-9700
OpenAlex
W2166900403
Cited by
74
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2
FWCI
2.77
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Psychiatric Services (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5k24mh086814-05)
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA016102)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (K24MH086814-01, K24/MH086814)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
Keywords
trauma centers, comorbid substance use disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, suicidality, alcohol screening, brief intervention, substance use screening, trauma survivors, mental health screening
MeSH terms
Depressive Disorder, Humans, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Suicide, Trauma Centers, United States, Comorbidity, Substance-Related Disorders

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review