Cited by 220Homelessness and Social IssuesPsychiatric care and mental health servicesSchizophrenia research and treatment

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A Multiple-City RCT of Housing First With Assertive Community Treatment for Homeless Canadians With Serious Mental Illness

Aubry, Tim, Goering, Paula, Veldhuizen, Scott, Adair, Carol E., Bourque, Jimmy, Distasio, Jino, Latimer, Eric, Stergiopoulos, Vicky, Somers, Julian, Streiner, David L., Tsemberis, Sam·2016·Psychiatric Services

DOI 10.1176/appi.ps.201400587

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Housing First with assertive community treatment (ACT) is a promising approach to assist people with serious mental illness to exit homelessness. The article presents two-year findings from a multisite trial on the effectiveness of Housing First with ACT. METHODS: The study design was a randomized controlled trial conducted in five Canadian cities. A sample of 950 participants with serious mental illness who were absolutely homeless or precariously housed were randomly assigned to receive either Housing First with ACT (N=469) or treatment as usual (N=481). RESULTS: Housing First participants spent more time in stable housing than participants in treatment as usual (71% versus 29%, adjusted absolute difference [AAD]=42%, p<.01). Compared with treatment-as-usual participants, Housing First participants who entered housing did so more quickly (73 versus 220 days, AAD=146.4, p<.001), had longer housing tenures at the study end-point (281 versus 115 days, AAD=161.8, p<.01), and rated the quality of their housing more positively (adjusted standardized mean difference [ASMD]=.17, p<.01). Housing First participants reported higher quality of life (ASMD=.15, p<.01) and were assessed as having better community functioning (ASMD=.18, p<.01) over the two-year period. Housing First participants showed significantly greater gains in community functioning and quality of life in the first year; however, differences between the two groups were attenuated by the end of the second year. CONCLUSIONS: Housing First with ACT is an effective approach in various contexts for assisting individuals with serious mental illness to rapidly exit homelessness.

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Authors: Aubry, T., Goering, P., Veldhuizen, S., Adair, C. E., Bourque, J., Distasio, J., Latimer, E., Stergiopoulos, V., Somers, J., Streiner, D. L., & Tsemberis, S.
Affiliations: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
ORCID: Aubry, Tim
Goering, Paula
Veldhuizen, Scott
Adair, Carol E.
Bourque, Jimmy
Distasio, Jino
Latimer, Eric
Stergiopoulos, Vicky
Somers, Julian
Streiner, David L.
Venue: Psychiatric Services
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 2016-03-01
Volume: 67
Issue: 3
Pages: 275-281
ISSN: 0022-1597 (ISSN-L)
1075-2730
1557-9700
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201400587
OpenAlex: W2187246823
Semantic Scholar: 24328f6e5c25c734576fe27e0ac5d2f4958a9c20
Cited by: 220
References: 47
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 9
FWCI: 28.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychiatric Services (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homelessness and Social Issues
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Keywords: Housing First, assertive community treatment, homelessness, severe mental illness, housing stability, housing tenure, quality of life, community functioning, Canadian cities
MeSH terms: Adult, Mental Disorders, Canada, Community Mental Health Services, Female, Ill-Housed Persons, Housing, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Linear Models, Case Management

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A Multiple-City RCT of Housing First With Assertive Community Treatment for Homeless Canadians With Serious Mental Illness

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