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Cited by 115Global Health Workforce IssuesMental Health Treatment and AccessHealthcare Policy and Management

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

County-Level Estimates of Mental Health Professional Supply in the United States

Ellis, Alan R., Konrad, Thomas R., Thomas, Kathleen C., Morrissey, Joseph P.·2009·Psychiatric Services
DOI 10.1176/ps.2009.60.10.1315
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study compiled national county-level data and examined the geographic distribution of providers in six mental health professions and the correlates of county-level provider supply. METHODS: Data for six groups--advanced practice psychiatric nurses, licensed professional counselors, marriage and family therapists, psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers--were compiled from licensing counts from state boards, certification counts from national credentialing organizations, and membership counts from professional associations. The geographic distribution of professionals was examined with descriptive statistics and a national choropleth map. Correlations were examined among county-level totals and between provider-to-population ratios and county characteristics. RESULTS: There were 353,398 clinically active providers in the six professions. Provider-to-population ratios varied greatly across counties, both within professions and overall. Social workers and licensed professional counselors were the largest groups; psychiatrists and advanced practice psychiatric nurses were the smallest. Professionals tended to be in urban, high-population, high-income counties. Marriage and family therapists were concentrated in California, and other mental health professionals were concentrated in the Northeast. CONCLUSIONS: Rural, low-income counties are likely candidates for interventions such as the training of local clinicians or the provision of incentives and infrastructure to facilitate clinical practice. Workforce planning and policy analysis should consider the unique combination of professions in each area. National workforce planning efforts and state licensing boards would benefit from the central collection of standardized practice information from clinically active providers in all mental health professions.

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Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 15

  1. 2004, MHUS 2004
  2. 2004, United States
  3. Correlations, 2000, Population is based on 2006 census estimates
  4. Mark TL, 1993, National Expenditures for Mental Health Services and Substance Abuse Treatment
  5. An Action Plan, 2007, Annapolis Coalition on the Behavioral Health Workforce
  6. Bird DC, 2001, Hartley D: Addressing Mental Health Workforce Needs in Underserved Rural Areas: Accomplishments and Challenges. Working paper 23. Portland
  7. Hartley D, 2002, State Licensure Laws and the Mental Health Professions: Implications for the Rural Mental Health Workforce. Working paper 29. Portland
  8. Licensed Social Workers US, 2006, Volume 2 Supplement
  9. Hartley D, 2004, Are Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurses a Solution to Rural Mental Health Workforce Shortages? Working paper 31. Portland
  10. 10.1176/ps.2008.59.1.109 · DOI
  11. McRee T, 2003, California Workforce Initiative at the UCSF Center for the Health Professions
  12. User Documentation, 2005, US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration
  13. Mental Health, 2004, United States
  14. About Pastoral Counseling, 2007, American Association of Pastoral Counselors. Retrieved
  15. Joshua L., is the editor

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Metadata

Authors
Ellis, A. R., Konrad, T. R., Thomas, K. C., & Morrissey, J. P.
Affiliations
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
ORCID
Venue
Psychiatric Services
Publisher
American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published
2009-10
Volume
60
Issue
10
Pages
1315-1322
ISSN
  • 0022-1597 (ISSN-L)
  • 1075-2730
  • 1557-9700
DOI
10.1176/ps.2009.60.10.1315
OpenAlex
W4241858169
Cited by
114
References
8
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 1
FWCI
7.70
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Psychiatric Services (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Geographic Society
  • Health Resources and Services Administration
  • U.S. Public Health Service (230200532038C)
  • Center for Substance Abuse Treatment
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Global Health Workforce Issues
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Healthcare Policy and Management
Keywords
mental health professionals, licensed professional counselors, marriage and family therapists, psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, urban-rural differences, low-income counties, workforce planning
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Female, Health Workforce, Humans, Licensure, Male, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Primary Health Care, Rural Population, United States, Urban Population, Databases as Topic, Young Adult

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