Research on the Effects of Hospital-Based Violence Intervention Programs: Observations and Recommendations
Abstract
We conducted a review of studies on the effects of hospital-based violence intervention programs (HVIPs) on subsequent involvement in violence as a victim or perpetrator that included a nontreated control group. We identified seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and six observational studies. Most HVIPs evaluated relied principally on credible messengers to engage potential participants and intensive case management to provide social services. Evidence of linkage of HVIPs to community violence intervention programs was lacking. RCTs of the most robust HVIPs showed some evidence of protective effects, but overall evidence of reduced risks for violence was mixed. RCTs were underpowered, and all but one were vulnerable to selection bias. Stronger interventions and research methods are needed to advance our understanding of the potential for HVIPs to reduce risks for future violence.
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The currently available evidence suggests that hospital-based violence intervention programs do not prevent recidivism and subsequent violence.
“While hospital-based violence intervention programs are often suggested as interventions to prevent recidivism and subsequent violence [17], the currently available evidence suggests otherwise [18, 19].”
From Firearm injuries in Missouri (2023) · cites this paper as [18]
Cites
Campbell, J. C., Webster, D. W., & Glass, N. (2009) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260508317180 · Cited by 650 · see citing works
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Rivara, F. P., Hink, A. B., Kuhls, D., Banks, S., Agoubi, L. L., Kirkendoll, S., Winchester, A., Hoeft, C., Patel, B., & Nathens, A. (2023) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0294737 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Webster, D. W., Richardson, J., Meyerson, N., Vil, C., & Topazian, R.
- Corresponding author
- Webster, Daniel W.
- Venue
- The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2022-11
- Volume
- 704
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 137-157
- ISSN
- 0002-7162 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-3349
- OpenAlex
- W4381244821
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 6
- FWCI
- 12.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Social Sciences › Health › Gun Ownership and Violence Research
- Keywords
- hospital-based violence intervention programs, violence prevention, victimization, perpetration, case management, selection bias, randomized controlled trials, social services
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