The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Using the SPSS Mixed Procedure to Fit Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Multilevel Models
Abstract
Beginning with Version 11, SPSS implemented the MIXED procedure, which is capable of performing many common hierarchical linear model analyses. The purpose of this article was to provide a tutorial for performing cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses using this popular software platform. In doing so, the authors borrowed heavily from Singer’s overview of SAS PROC MIXED, duplicating her analyses using the SPSS MIXED procedure.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Using SAS PROC MIXED to Fit Multilevel Models, Hierarchical Models, and Individual Growth Models
Singer, J. D. (1998) · Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics · doi:10.2307/1165280 · Cited by 1,092
Cited by
Centering predictor variables in cross-sectional multilevel models: A new look at an old issue.
Enders, C. K., & Tofighi, D. (2007) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.12.2.121 · Cited by 4,462
Self-citationChen, P., & Jacobson, K. C. (2012) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.05.013 · Cited by 663
Longitudinal Data Analyses Using Linear Mixed Models in SPSS: Concepts, Procedures and Illustrations
Shek, D. T. L., & Ma, C. M. S. (2011) · The Scientific World JOURNAL · doi:10.1100/tsw.2011.2 · Cited by 425
Kwok, O.-M., Underhill, A. T., Berry, J. W., Luo, W., Elliott, T. R., & Yoon, M. (2008) · Rehabilitation Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0012765 · Cited by 388
Dealing With Missing Data in Developmental Research
Enders, C. K. (2013) · Child Development Perspectives · doi:10.1111/cdep.12008 · Cited by 330
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Peugh, J. L., & Enders, C. K.
- Venue
- Educational and Psychological Measurement
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2005-10
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 717-741
- ISSN
- 0013-1644 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-3888
- OpenAlex
- W2000351638
- Cited by
- 410
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 9.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Using the SPSS Mixed Procedure to Fit Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Multilevel Models. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/0013164405278558
- The paper
- Peugh, J. L., & Enders, C. K. (2005). Using the SPSS Mixed Procedure to Fit Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Multilevel Models. Educational and Psychological Measurement. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405278558
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.