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Measuring Family Outcomes in Early Intervention: Findings from a Large-Scale Assessment
Abstract
This article reports data from a large-scale assessment using the Family Outcomes Survey with families participating in early intervention. The study was designed to determine how families describe themselves with regard to outcomes achieved, the extent to which outcomes are interrelated, and the extent to which child, family, and program factors are associated with outcomes. Families reported positive outcomes, but there was variability in their responses. Factor analysis revealed that outcomes clustered in two areas: (a) family knowledge and ability, and (b) family support and community services. Hierarchical linear models indicated race/ethnicity, income, time in early intervention, perception of early intervention, and family-centered services were related to family outcomes. Recommendations for how to best use survey data are discussed.
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When studies included race, ethnicity, and income factors, they found poorer outcomes for families from minoritized racial and ethnic groups and among families with lower income levels.
“Importantly, when these studies included race, ethnicity, and income factors in their analyses, they found poorer outcomes for families from minoritized racial and ethnic groups, as well as among families with lower income levels (Bailey et al., 2005, 2007; Raspa et al., 2010).”
From Parenting Stress, Child Social Functioning, and Part C Early Intervention in Predominantly Low-Income Families of Children With or at High Risk for Developmental Delay From Minoritized Racial and Ethnic Groups (2023) · cites this paper as Raspa et al., 2010
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Kuhn, J., Hickey, E., Lindly, O., Stransky, M., Masaro, M., Patts, G. J., Cabral, H., Crossman, M., Augustyn, M., Feinberg, E., et al. (2023) · Journal of Early Intervention · doi:10.1177/10538151231155406 · Cited by 3
“Raspa et al. (2010)’s analysis of large-scale Family Outcomes Survey data revealed that race and income as well as time spent in Part C EI predicted parents feeling confident and competent in parenting a child with special needs and that race and income, not Part C EI services, predicted families…”
Metadata
- Authors
- Raspa, M., Bailey, D. B., Olmsted, M. G., Nelson, R., Robinson, N., Simpson, M. E., Guillen, C., & Houts, R.
- Affiliations
- RTI International (US)
- Texas Department of Assistive and Rehabilitative Services, Division of Early Childhood Intervention
- Illinois Department of Human Services (US)
- Graham Hospital School of Nursing
- Illinois Early Intervention Training Program
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Raspa, Melissa
- Venue
- Exceptional Children
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2010-07
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 496-510
- ISSN
- 0014-4029 (ISSN-L)
- 2163-5560
- OpenAlex
- W2135044680
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Exceptional Children (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Social Sciences › Education › Parental Involvement in Education
- Keywords
- early intervention, family outcomes, family-centered services, race and ethnicity, income, program factors
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