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Cited by 356COVID-19 and Mental HealthMental Health Treatment and AccessMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Depression, anxiety, and stress and socio-demographic correlates among general Indian public during COVID-19

Verma, Shankey, Mishra, Aditi·2020·International Journal of Social Psychiatry
DOI 10.1177/0020764020934508
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Abstract

Background: The severe outbreak of COVID-19 has affected the mental health of Indians. Aim: The objective of this article was to find the prevalence rates of depression, anxiety and stress and their socio-demographic correlates among Indian population during the lockdown to contain the spread of COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using an electronic questionnaire. A total of 354 participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Depression, anxiety and stress were measured using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), a 21-item self-reported questionnaire. Results: In total, 25%, 28% and 11.6% of the participants were moderate to extremely severely depressed, anxious and stressed, respectively. Binary logistic regressions indicated employment status (odds ratio (OR) = 1.91; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.072–3.418) and binge drinking (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.045–3.945) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms; gender (OR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.317–3.589), employment status (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.002–3.141) and binge drinking (OR = 2.62; 95% CI: 1.361–5.048) were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms; and binge drinking (OR = 3.42; 95% CI: 1.544–7.583) was significantly associated with stress symptoms. Conclusion: Depression, anxiety and stress among Indian population during the lockdown were prevalent. Along with other measures to contain the spread of COVID-19, mental health of citizens needs the urgent attention of the Indian government and mental health experts. Further large-scale studies should be conducted on different professions and communities such as health care professionals and migrant workers and incorporate other mental health indicators.

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  1. Gururaj G., 2016, National Mental Health Survey of India, 2015-16: Prevalence, pattern and outcomes

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Metadata

Authors
Verma, S., & Mishra, A.
Affiliations
  • O. P. Jindal Global University (IN)
  • Rashtriya Raksha University (IN)
Corresponding author
Verma, Shankey
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Social Psychiatry
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2020-06-20
Volume
66
Issue
8
Pages
756-762
ISSN
  • 0020-7640 (ISSN-L)
  • 1741-2854
DOI
10.1177/0020764020934508
OpenAlex
W3036318215
Cited by
356
References
7
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 100 · 2021: 119 · 2020: 28
FWCI
30.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • International Journal of Social Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords
COVID-19 pandemic, depression, anxiety, stress, mental health, lockdown, sociodemographic correlates, binge drinking, employment status, gender differences, Indian population, DASS-21
MeSH terms
Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, India, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Viral, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Quarantine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Isolation, Stress, Psychological, Prevalence, Logistic Models, Coronavirus Infections, Young Adult, Pandemics, Binge Drinking

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