The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Depression, anxiety, and stress and socio-demographic correlates among general Indian public during COVID-19
Abstract
Background: The severe outbreak of COVID-19 has affected the mental health of Indians. Aim: The objective of this article was to find the prevalence rates of depression, anxiety and stress and their socio-demographic correlates among Indian population during the lockdown to contain the spread of COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using an electronic questionnaire. A total of 354 participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Depression, anxiety and stress were measured using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), a 21-item self-reported questionnaire. Results: In total, 25%, 28% and 11.6% of the participants were moderate to extremely severely depressed, anxious and stressed, respectively. Binary logistic regressions indicated employment status (odds ratio (OR) = 1.91; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.072–3.418) and binge drinking (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.045–3.945) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms; gender (OR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.317–3.589), employment status (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.002–3.141) and binge drinking (OR = 2.62; 95% CI: 1.361–5.048) were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms; and binge drinking (OR = 3.42; 95% CI: 1.544–7.583) was significantly associated with stress symptoms. Conclusion: Depression, anxiety and stress among Indian population during the lockdown were prevalent. Along with other measures to contain the spread of COVID-19, mental health of citizens needs the urgent attention of the Indian government and mental health experts. Further large-scale studies should be conducted on different professions and communities such as health care professionals and migrant workers and incorporate other mental health indicators.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“COVID-19 is increasing exponentially in many regions, with documented negative mental health impacts in the United States (e.g., Fitzpatrick et al., 2020), India (e.g., Verma & Mishra, 2020) and Europe (e.g., Gonzalez-Sanguino et al., 2020).”
From Unguided low intensity cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomised trial (2021) · cites this paper as Verma & Mishra, 2020
Citations
Cites
Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., Wu, J., Du, H., Chen, T., Li, R., et al. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976 · Cited by 8,015
Henry, J. D., & Crawford, J. R. (2005) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466505x29657 · Cited by 5,801 · cited 1×
“Three subscales containing seven items each measure depression, anxiety and stress in the participants (Henry & Crawford, 2005).”
BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder in parents and youth after health-related disasters
Sprang, G., & Silman, M. (2013) · Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness · doi:10.1017/dmp.2013.22 · Cited by 1,114
Mental health status of people isolated due to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Jeong, H., Yim, H. W., Song, Y.-J., Ki, M., Min, J.-A., Cho, J., & Chae, J.-H. (2016) · Epidemiology and Health · doi:10.4178/epih.e2016048 · Cited by 1,103
Understanding, compliance and psychological impact of the SARS quarantine experience
REYNOLDS, D. L., GARAY, J. R., DEAMOND, S. L., MORAN, M. K., GOLD, W., & STYRA, R. (2008) · Epidemiology and Infection · doi:10.1017/s0950268807009156 · Cited by 895
Depression, anxiety and stress levels in industrial workers: A pilot study in Bangalore, India
Rao, S. V., & Ramesh, N. (2015) · Industrial Psychiatry Journal · doi:10.4103/0972-6748.160927 · Cited by 84
Meena, P. S., Soni, R., Jain, M., & Paliwal, S. (2015) · Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4038/sljpsyc.v6i1.8055 · Cited by 34
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Gururaj G., 2016, National Mental Health Survey of India, 2015-16: Prevalence, pattern and outcomes
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Acute mental health responses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia
Newby, J. M., O’Moore, K., Tang, S., Christensen, H., & Faasse, K. (2020) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0236562 · Cited by 471
Prevalence of anxiety in the COVID-19 pandemic: An updated meta-analysis of community-based studies
Santabárbara, J., Lasheras, I., Lipnicki, D. M., Bueno‐Notivol, J., Pérez-Moreno, M. A., López‐Antón, R., de la Cámara, C., Lobo, A., & Gracia‐García, P. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110207 · Cited by 461
Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress during COVID-19 Pandemic
Lakhan, R., Agrawal, A., & Sharma, M. (2020) · Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice · doi:10.1055/s-0040-1716442 · Cited by 421
Wang, Y., Kala, M. P., & Jafar, T. H. (2020) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0244630 · Cited by 382
Students’ mental health problems before, during, and after COVID-19 lockdown in Italy
Meda, N., Pardini, S., Slongo, I., Bodini, L., Zordan, M. A., Rigobello, P., Visioli, F., & Novara, C. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.045 · Cited by 398
Metadata
- Authors
- Verma, S., & Mishra, A.
- Affiliations
- O. P. Jindal Global University (IN)
- Rashtriya Raksha University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Verma, Shankey
- Venue
- International Journal of Social Psychiatry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2020-06-20
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 756-762
- ISSN
- 0020-7640 (ISSN-L)
- 1741-2854
- OpenAlex
- W3036318215
- Cited by
- 356
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 100 · 2021: 119 · 2020: 28
- FWCI
- 30.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Social Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, depression, anxiety, stress, mental health, lockdown, sociodemographic correlates, binge drinking, employment status, gender differences, Indian population, DASS-21
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, India, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Viral, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Quarantine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Isolation, Stress, Psychological, Prevalence, Logistic Models, Coronavirus Infections, Young Adult, Pandemics, Binge Drinking
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
