Cited by 62Franchising Strategies and PerformanceInternational Business and FDIMigration, Ethnicity, and Economy

The Internationalization of U.S. Franchise Systems: Progress and Procedures

Walker, Bruce J., Etzel, Michael J.·1973·Journal of Marketing

Abstract

During the 1960s, franchising in the United States evolved from a specialized method of distribution to an “industry.” With the domestic market now approaching maturity, franchisors are expanding into other countries. This article reports the results of a survey of the experiences, difficulties, and prospects of U.S. franchising systems expanding abroad.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1177/002224297303700208

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

No citation lists for this paper

No citation lists for this paper yet — checked again daily.

Cited by 62

Authors
Walker, B. J., & Etzel, M. J.
Affiliations
University of Kentucky (US)
Venue
Journal of Marketing
Published
1973-04
Volume
37
Issue
2
Pages
38-46
ISSN
  • 0022-2429 (ISSN-L)
  • 1547-7185
OpenAlex
W2334390368
Cited by
62
References
0
Citations by year
2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5
FWCI
6.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Journal of Marketing (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Franchising Strategies and Performance
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › International Business and FDI
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy
Keywords
franchising, international franchising, distribution channels

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review