Willing, silent or forced participation? Insights from English for academic purposes classrooms
Abstract
This study explores students’ participation in English for Academic Purposes classrooms from both teachers’ and students’ perspectives. Data were collected from videotaping of 11 English for academic purposes classes, semi-structured interviews with 12 teachers and stimulated-recall interviews with 33 students. The results indicate that three types of participation were identified, including willing, silent and forced participation. The results also show that a range of contextual and individual factors affect students’ participation in class activities and discussions. The contextual factors include class atmosphere, teacher support, peer participation, task, topic and interactional pattern. The individual factors include students’ confidence, personality and their perceived and actual communicative competence. Pedagogical implications and directions for future research are also discussed.
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Peer influence significantly shapes individuals' participation behaviors.
“Peer influence significantly shapes individuals’ participation behaviors (Wei and Cao, 2021).”
From Analysis of classroom silence behaviors among Chinese and Korean undergraduates (2025) · cites this paper as Wei and Cao, 2021
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- Authors
- Wei, W., & Cao, Y. (.
- Affiliations
- Macau University of Science and Technology (MO)
- Corresponding author
- Cao, Yiqian (Katherine)
- Venue
- RELC Journal
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2021-12-20
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 63-78
- ISSN
- 0033-6882 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-526X
- OpenAlex
- W4200615013
- Semantic Scholar
- e694aaa45e549650a3c03a27e2fc2be70ff6a985
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 1.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- RELC Journal (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Communication in Education and Healthcare
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Discourse Analysis in Language Studies
- Keywords
- student participation, English for academic purposes, classroom interaction, willingness to communicate, teacher support, peer engagement, student self-confidence, communicative competence, task-based interaction, classroom climate
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