Parental Rearing, Attachment, and Social Anxiety in Chinese Adolescents
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated associations between perceived parental rearing, attachment, and social anxiety. 510 Chinese middle school students, aged 12 to 20 years, completed a set of questionnaires including “Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran” for Children (EMBU-C), Inventory for Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) and Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A). The results showed that intercorrelations between adolescents’ rated attachment to parents were stronger than betweenparental and peer attachment. Girls scored higher on attachment to mother and peer than boys. Lack of parental rejection and presence of emotional warmth were strongly related to parental attachment. The rated level of total anxiety was not related to gender or age, but it was lower than what has earlier been reported from China. Perceived rejection from fathers and mothers’ as well as attachment to peer and mother acted as predictors; together they explained 19% of the variance in social anxiety.
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Insecure child-parent attachment is related to higher levels of social anxiety in adolescents, as well as general anxiety disorders in adolescents, young adults, and college students.
“Insecure child-parent attachment is related to higher levels of social anxiety in adolescents (Erozkan, 2009;Mothander & Wang, 2014;Papini et al., 1991), as well as general anxiety disorders in adolescents, young adults, and college students (Love, 2008;Schimmenti & Bifulco, 2015).”
From Social anxiety mediates the effect of attachment to parents on friendships and loneliness during the college transition (2023) · cites this paper as Mothander & Wang, 2014
The literature has widely supported the relationship between attachment and social anxiety.
“The literature has widely supported the relationship between attachment and social anxiety (Mothander & Wang, 2014;Papini et al., 1991).”
From Social anxiety mediates the effect of attachment to parents on friendships and loneliness during the college transition (2023) · cites this paper as Mothander & Wang, 2014
Cites
Social Anxiety among Adolescents: Linkages with Peer Relations and Friendships
La Greca, A. M., & Lopez, N. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1023/a:1022684520514 · Cited by 1,656 · see citing works
Family Issues in Child Anxiety: Attachment, Family Functioning, Parental Rearing and Beliefs
Bögels, S. M., & Brechman-Toussaint, M. L. (2006) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.08.001 · Cited by 708 · see citing works
Attachment and self‐evaluation in Chinese adolescents: Age and gender differences
Song, H., Thompson, R. A., & Ferrer, E. (2009) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.01.001 · Cited by 129 · cited 4× · see citing works
“Traditionally, family life in East Asia has been described as being influenced by Confucianism characterized by its focus on interdependence, emotional harmony, and filial piety (Song et al., 2009).”
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Norton, A. R., & Abbott, M. J. (2017) · Behaviour Change · doi:10.1017/bec.2017.7 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Carcedo, R. J., Vázquez-Iglesias, P., Parade, S., Herreros-Fraile, A., & Hervalejo, D. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-03868-4 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
- Authors
- Mothander, P. R., & Wang, M.
- Affiliations
- Stockholm University (SE)
- Venue
- Youth & Society
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2011-11-23
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 155-175
- ISSN
- 0044-118X (ISSN-L)
- 1552-8499
- OpenAlex
- W2096791133
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 0.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Youth & Society (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
- Keywords
- parenting, parent-child attachment, peer attachment, social anxiety, adolescents, perceived parental rejection, emotional warmth, gender differences, Chinese adolescents, junior high school students
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