The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Toward An Integrative Measure of Health and Well-Being
Abstract
Psychological and theological concepts of the integrative nature of healthy human personality are examined, with particular emphasis on the biblical relationships between integrated personality and shalom, or well-being. The Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) is suggested as a general indicator of personality integration and resultant well-being. A summary of reported research that has utilized the SWBS from 1982–1990 is presented and related to physical, psychological, relational, and religious well-being. Suggestions are made for additional research and application of the SWBS.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Subjective measures of spiritual well-being
Moberg, D. O. (1984) · Review of Religious Research · doi:10.2307/3511368 · Cited by 125
Cited by
van Dierendonck, D. (2004) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(03)00122-3 · Cited by 543
Religious Commitment and Mental Health: A Review of the Empirical Literature
Gartner, J., Larson, D. B., & Allen, G. D. (1991) · Journal of Psychology and Theology · doi:10.1177/009164719101900102 · Cited by 428
A spiritual strategy for counseling and psychotherapy, 2nd ed.
Richards, P. S., & Bergin, A. E. (2005) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/11214-000 · Cited by 329
Brady, J. L., Guy, J. D., Poelstra, P. L., & Brokaw, B. F. (1999) · Professional Psychology: Research and Practice · doi:10.1037//0735-7028.30.4.386 · Cited by 289
The Spirituality Index of Well-Being: A New Instrument for Health-Related Quality-of-Life Research
Daaleman, T. P. (2004) · The Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.89 · Cited by 272
Metadata
- Authors
- Ellison, C. W., & Smith, J.
- Venue
- Journal of Psychology and Theology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1991-03
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 35-45
- ISSN
- 0091-6471 (ISSN-L)
- 2328-1162
- OpenAlex
- W2789887713
- Cited by
- 263
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 1.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Toward An Integrative Measure of Health and Well-Being. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/009164719101900104
- The paper
- Ellison, C. W., & Smith, J. (1991). Toward An Integrative Measure of Health and Well-Being. Journal of Psychology and Theology. https://doi.org/10.1177/009164719101900104
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.