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Microglial Response to Brain Injury: A Brief Synopsis
Open accessAbstract
In addition to astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, microglia represent the third major population of glial cells within the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia are distributed ubiquitously throughout the brain and spinal cord, and one of their main functions is to monitor and sustain neuronal health. Microglial cells are quite sensitive to even minor disturbances in CNS homeostasis, and they become readily activated during most neuropathologic conditions, including peripheral nerve injury, trauma and stroke, inflammatory disease, and neurotoxicant-induced neuronal injury. During activation, microglia display conspicuous functional plasticity, which involves changes in cell morphology, cell number, cell surface receptor expression, and production of growth factors and cytokines. The many changes occurring in activated cells reflect the altered functional states of microglia that are induced by signals arising from injured neurons. Thus, neuronal-microglial signaling plays a fundamental role in understanding how the CNS responds to injury. Reactive microgliosis should be viewed as a cellular effort to initiate ameliorative and reparative measures in the injured brain.
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Citations
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Streit, W. J., Walter, S. A., & Pennell, N. A. (1999) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(98)00069-0 · Cited by 1,096
Self-citation
Cited by
Tansey, M. G., & Goldberg, M. S. (2010) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2009.11.004 · Cited by 1,045
Gao, H., Jiang, J., Wilson, B., Zhang, W., Hong, J., & Liu, B. (2002) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00928.x · Cited by 687
Tansey, M. G., McCoy, M. K., & Frank-Cannon, T. C. (2007) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.07.004 · Cited by 583
Air Pollution and Brain Damage
Calderón-Garcidueñas, L., Azzarelli, B., Acuna, H., Garcia, R., Gambling, T. M., Osnaya, N., Monroy, S., Del Rosario Tizapantzi, M., Carson, J. L., Villarreal-Calderon, A., et al. (2002) · Toxicologic Pathology · doi:10.1080/01926230252929954 · Cited by 507
Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO): Molecular sensor of brain injury and repair
Chen, M.-K., & Guilarte, T. R. (2008) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.12.004 · Cited by 506
Metadata
- Authors
- Streit, W. J.
- Venue
- Toxicologic Pathology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2000-01
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 28-30
- ISSN
- 0192-6233 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2119895789
- Cited by
- 229
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 6.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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