Role of viral infection in sudden hearing loss
Open accessAbstract
According to a recent epidemiological survey, the incidence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is increasing yearly. The cause of SSNHL is of great interest in research. To date, viral infection, vascular occlusion, abnormal cellular stress responses within the cochlea, and immune-mediated mechanisms are considered the most likely etiologies of this disease. Among these etiologies, the relationship between viral infection and sudden deafness has been unclear. In this review, we mainly discuss the viral hypothesis of SSNHL. There is little research proving or clearly indicating the pathogenesis of this disease. Further research is needed to elucidate the precise etiopathogenesis to better understand SSNHL and establish more suitable treatment to help restore hearing in affected patients.
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Although some hypotheses have been proposed regarding the causes of SSNHL, such as vascular insufficiency, virus infection, and immune dysfunction, none of these can explain SSNHL in all patients.
“Although some hypotheses have been proposed regarding the causes of SSNHL, such as vascular insufficiency, 22 virus infection, 28 and immune dysfunction, 29 none of these can explain SSNHL in all patients.”
From Recurrent sudden sensorineural hearing loss—A literature review (2022) · cites this paper as [28]
Acute respiratory tract infections are predominantly viral in origin.
“Acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs), which include both upper and lower respiratory tract illnesses, are among the most common infectious diseases worldwide and are predominantly viral in origin. Pathogens such as influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus, and coronaviruses are frequent culprits [6].”
From Acute Respiratory Tract Infection and Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Multinational Cohort Study (2025) · cites this paper as [6]
The Introduction and Abstract discuss viral infection as a possible cause of sudden sensorineural hearing loss, not the causes of acute respiratory tract infections. Searches for respiratory tract infections and the named respiratory viruses found no passage establishing that RTIs are predominantly viral. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in an Immunocompetent Patient With West Nile Encephalitis
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Sudden Hearing Loss Waves: The Effect of COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination on the Inner Ear
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Тополюк, К., Дзиза, А. В., & Лупир, А. В. (2022) · ГРААЛЬ НАУКИ · doi:10.36074/grail-of-science.27.05.2022.109
- Authors
- Chen, X., Fu, Y.-Y., & Zhang, T.-Y.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University (CN)
- ENT institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- ENT institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Hearing Medicine Key Laboratory, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, China
- ORCID
- Chen, Xin
- Venue
- Journal of International Medical Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2019-05-27
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 2865-2872
- ISSN
- 0300-0605 (ISSN-L)
- 1473-2300
- PMC
- PMC6683896
- OpenAlex
- W2947966724
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 1.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of International Medical Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
- Keywords
- sudden sensorineural hearing loss, viral infection, viral hypothesis, etiopathogenesis, immune-mediated mechanisms, vascular occlusion, cellular stress response, hearing loss treatment
- MeSH terms
- Hearing Loss, Sudden, Humans, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Virus Diseases, Viruses
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