The DOI matches its Crossref record; 85 of the 85 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Assessing the impact of headaches and the outcomes of treatment: A systematic review of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)
Open accessAbstract
Aims To critically appraise, compare and synthesise the quality and acceptability of multi-item patient reported outcome measures for adults with chronic or episodic headache. Methods Systematic literature searches of major databases (1980-2016) to identify published evidence of PROM measurement and practical properties. Data on study quality (COSMIN), measurement and practical properties per measure were extracted and assessed against accepted standards to inform an evidence synthesis. Results From 10,903 reviewed abstracts, 103 articles were assessed in full; 46 provided evidence for 23 PROMs: Eleven specific to the health-related impact of migraine (n = 5) or headache (n = 6); six assessed migraine-specific treatment response/satisfaction; six were generic measures. Evidence for measurement validity and score interpretation was strongest for two measures of impact, Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ v2.1) and Headache Impact Test 6-item (HIT-6), and one of treatment response, the Patient Perception of Migraine Questionnaire (PPMQ-R). Evidence of reliability was limited, but acceptable for the HIT-6. Responsiveness was rarely evaluated. Evidence for the remaining measures was limited. Patient involvement was limited and poorly reported. Conclusion While evidence is limited, three measures have acceptable evidence of reliability and validity: HIT-6, MSQ v2.1 and PPMQ-R. Only the HIT-6 has acceptable evidence supporting its completion by all "headache" populations.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“There is limited, but acceptable, evidence supporting the use of the SF-12 V2 to assess overall quality of life in a headache population.27”
From Usual care and a self-management support programme versus usual care and a relaxation programme for people living with chronic headache disorders: A randomised controlled trial protocol (CHESS) (2020) · cites this paper as [27]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Prior to selecting our outcome measures, we did a systematic review of PROMs for headaches.27”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The MSQv2.1 has acceptable evidence of psychometric properties following completion in a migraine population.27–30”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“There is no such evidence for the EQ-5D-5L.27”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(1992) · PubMed · Cited by 33,716
The MOS 36-ltem Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): I. Conceptual Framework and Item Selection
Ware, J. E., & Sherbourne, C. D. (1992) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-199206000-00002 · Cited by 30,033
WARE, J. E., KOSINSKI, M., & KELLER, S. D. (1996) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-199603000-00003 · Cited by 17,392
EuroQol: a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life
(1990) · Health Policy · doi:10.1016/0168-8510(90)90421-9 · Cited by 15,736
Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires
Terwee, C. B., Bot, S. D. M., de Boer, M. R., van der Windt, D. A. W. M., Knol, D. L., Dekker, J., Bouter, L. M., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.03.012 · Cited by 10,764
Mokkink, L. B., Terwee, C. B., Patrick, D. L., Alonso, J., Stratford, P. W., Knol, D. L., Bouter, L. M., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.02.006 · Cited by 4,465
Health Measurement Scales: A practical guide to their development and use
Streiner, D. L., Norman, G. R., & Cairney, J. (2014) · doi:10.1093/med/9780199685219.001.0001 · Cited by 2,564
Migraine prevalence, disease burden, and the need for preventive therapy
Lipton, R. B., Bigal, M. E., Diamond, M., Freitag, F., Reed, M. L., & Stewart, W. F. (2007) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000252808.97649.21 · Cited by 2,337
Measurement in Medicine: A Practical Guide
de Vet, H. C. W., Terwee, C. B., Mokkink, L. B., & Knol, D. L. (2011) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511996214 · Cited by 2,321
Prevalence and Burden of Migraine in the United States: Data From the American Migraine Study II
Lipton, R. B., Stewart, W. F., Diamond, S., Diamond, M. L., & Reed, M. (2001) · Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1046/j.1526-4610.2001.041007646.x · Cited by 2,268
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Ware J, 2001, How to score and interpret single-item health status measures: A manual for users of the SF-8 Health Survey
- Stafford MR, Health Qual Life Outcomes
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–113 of 113
Kim, B., Lee, M. J., Kim, B., Sohn, J., Song, T.-J., Chu, M. K., Kim, S.-K., Park, J. W., Moon, H., Chung, P., et al. (2025) · The Journal of Headache and Pain · doi:10.1186/s10194-025-02061-9
“Suicidal ideation and attempts were assessed with two lucid questions: “Have you ever thought that it was better to die?” and “Have you ever attempted suicide?.” Headache impact was measured using the 6-item Headache Impact Test [18].”
Park, J. Y., Kadro, Z. O., Honvoh, G., Domenichiello, A. F., Ramsden, C. E., Faurot, K. R., & Miller, V. E. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18010003
“Pain interference is often measured in headache studies using instruments such as the Headache Impact Test [4,8].”
Ryvlin, P., Skorobogatykh, K., Negro, A., Sanchez-De La Rosa, R., Israel-Willner, H., Sundal, C., MacGregor, E. A., & Guerrero, A. L. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13515668
Waliszewska‐Prosół, M., Montisano, D. A., Antolak, M., Bighiani, F., Cammarota, F., Cetta, I., Corrado, M., Ihara, K., Kartamysheva, R., Petrušić, I., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25333391
Alpuente, A., Gallardo, V. J., Caronna, E., Torres‐Ferrús, M., & Pozo‐Rosich, P. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.17193913
Waliszewska‐Prosół, M., Montisano, D. A., Antolak, M., Bighiani, F., Cammarota, F., Cetta, I., Corrado, M., Ihara, K., Kartamysheva, R., Petrušić, I., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25333382
Ryvlin, P., Skorobogatykh, K., Negro, A., Sanchez-De La Rosa, R., Israel-Willner, H., Sundal, C., MacGregor, E. A., & Guerrero, A. L. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13515671
Hee, S. W., Patel, S., Sandhu, H., Matharu, M. S., & Underwood, M. R. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25824715
Spiegler, K. M., Ezzati, A., Fanning, K. M., Bostic, R. C., Urani, A., Cadiou, F., Lipton, R. B., & Vgontzas, A. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.01.24.26344649
Thuraiaiyah, J., Christensen, R. H., Al‐Khazali, H. M., Ashina, M., Katsarava, Z., & Ashina, H. (2026) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.70542
Khan, H., Khan, M. S., Khan, S., Liu, F., Feng, Q., Ahmad, I., & Tan, G. (2026) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2026.1776712
“Patient-reported outcomes are increasingly viewed as central to assessing treatment benefit in migraine, since they capture functional and quality-of-life dimensions not reflected in headache day counts alone (41).”
Reliability and validity of the Italian version of the Headache Impact Test – 6 (HIT-6)
Marco, M. D., Longo, D., Baccini, M., Schiappoli, M., Costantino, E., Caroli, C., Romeo, A., Sagripanti, M., Cecchi, F., & Chiarugi, A. (2026) · Physical Therapy Reviews · doi:10.1080/10833196.2026.2690342
Lipton, R. B., Gandhi, P., Gantenbein, A. R., Dabruzzo, B., Carr, K., Stokes, J., Duan, M., Singh, R. B. H., Yuan, H., & Buse, D. C. (2026) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.70188
Metadata
- Authors
- Haywood, K. L., Mars, T. S., Potter, R., Patel, S., Matharu, M., & Underwood, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Warwick (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Haywood, Kirstie L
- Venue
- Cephalalgia
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2017-09-18
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1374-1386
- ISSN
- 0333-1024 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-2982
- PMC
- PMC6024352
- OpenAlex
- W2755034339
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cephalalgia (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick) (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (RP-PG-1212-20018, NF-SI-0512-10103, NF-SI-0616-10043)
- Programme Grants for Applied Research (RP-PG-1212-20018)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Migraine and Headache Studies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Keywords
- patient-reported outcome measures, chronic headache, episodic headache, migraine, headache impact, treatment response, HIT-6, measurement validity, reliability statistics, responsiveness, patient involvement, COSMIN
- MeSH terms
- Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Headache, Humans, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
