Adolescent Perspectives on Rules and Resistance Within the Parent-Child Relationship
Abstract
Thirty-two adolescents between the ages of 13 and 19 participated in a semistructured interview regarding their perspectives on parental expectations and their strategies for expressing resistance. Thematic analyses indicated that adolescents perceive parental expectations as flexible and coconstructed rather than as firm, explicit, standing rules. Adolescents described their strategies for expressing resistance as multifaceted, consisting of overt behavioral strategies and covert cognitive strategies that reflect autonomous and relational motives. The implications of the findings were discussed with regard to conflict, socialization theory, and clinical models of noncompliance.
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Oppositional defiance is reactive in nature because the primary goal is to escape from feeling controlled, and it is assumed to be an unskillful way of expressing resistance against authorities.
“Such defiance is reactive in nature because the primary goal is to escape from feeling controlled (Koestner and Losier 1996).Oppositional defiance is assumed to be an unskillful way of expressing resistance against authorities (Parkin and Kuczynski 2012).”
From Basic psychological need theory: Advancements, critical themes, and future directions (2020) · cites this paper as Parkin and Kuczynski 2012
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References 70 · Cited by 73
- Authors
- Parkin, C. M., & Kuczynski, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Guelph (CA)
- ORCID
- Kuczynski, Leon
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescent Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2012-04-11
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 632-658
- ISSN
- 0743-5584 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-6895
- OpenAlex
- W2154069589
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 4.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescent Research (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
- Keywords
- parental expectations, parent-adolescent relationships, rules, resistance strategies, autonomy, relational motives, family conflict, socialization theory, non-compliance, youth perspectives
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