Characterization of Sepsis and Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy
Abstract
Background: Sepsis and sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) are common intensive care unit (ICU) diseases; the morbidity and mortality are high. The present study analyzed the sensitivity of different diagnostic criteria of sepsis 1.0 and 3.0, epidemiological characteristics of sepsis and SAE, and explored its risk factors for death, short-term, and long-term prognosis. Methods: The retrospective study included patients in ICU from January 2015 to June 2016. After excluding 58 patients, 175 were assigned to either an SAE or a non-SAE group (patients with sepsis but no encephalopathy). The sensitivity of the diagnostic criteria was compared between sepsis 1.0 and 3.0, respectively. Between-group differences in baseline data, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (APACHE II score), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA score), etiological data, biochemical indicators, and 28-day and 180-day mortality rates were analyzed. Survival outcomes and long-term prognosis were observed, and risk factors for death were analyzed through 180-day follow-up. Results: The sensitivity did not differ significantly between the diagnostic criteria of sepsis 1.0 and 3.0 ( P = .286). The 42.3% incidence of SAE presented a significantly high APACHE II and SOFA scores as well as 28-day mortality and 180-day mortality (all P < .001). The incidence of death was 37.1%. The multivariate stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of death in SAE group was significantly higher than the non-SAE group ( P < .001). Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is a risk factor for sepsis-related death (relative risk [RR] = 2.868; 95% confidence interval: 1.730-4.754; P < .001). Although males showed a significantly high rate of 28-day and 180-day mortality ( P = .035 and .045), it was not an independent risk factor for sepsis-related death ( P = .072). The long-term prognosis of patients with sepsis was poor with decreased quality of life. No significant difference was observed in prognosis between the SAE and non-SAE groups ( P > .05). Conclusion: Both diagnostic criteria cause misdiagnosis, and the sensitivity did not differ significantly. The incidence of SAE was high, and 28-day and 180-day mortality rates were significantly higher than those without SAE. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is a risk factor for poor outcome. The overall long-term prognosis of patients with sepsis was poor, and the quality of life decreased.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in septic patients.
“Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a risk factor for adverse outcomes (5).”
From Sepsis-Induced Gut Dysbiosis Mediates the Susceptibility to Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy in Mice (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
Cites
The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3).
Singer, M., Deutschman, C. S., Seymour, C. W., Shankar-Hari, M., Annane, D., Bauer, M., Bellomo, R., Bernard, G. R., Chiche, J.-D., Coopersmith, C. M., et al. (2016) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0287 · Cited by 28,250 · see citing works
Sepsis in European intensive care units: Results of the SOAP study*
Vincent, J., Sakr, Y. L., Sprung, C. L., Ranieri, V. M., Reinhart, K., Gerlach, H., Moreno, R. P., Carlet, J. M., Gall, J. L., & Payen, D. M. (2006) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000194725.48928.3a · Cited by 2,823 · see citing works
Long-term cognitive impairment and functional disability among survivors of severe sepsis.
Iwashyna, T. J., Ely, E. W., Smith, D. M., & Langa, K. M. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1553 · Cited by 2,582 · see citing works
Sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock: changes in incidence, pathogens and outcomes
Martin, G. S. (2012) · Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy · doi:10.1586/eri.12.50 · Cited by 680 · see citing works
Gender Differences in Human Sepsis
Schröder, J. (1998) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.133.11.1200 · Cited by 602 · see citing works
Impact of encephalopathy on mortality in the sepsis syndrome
Sprung, C. L., Peduzzi, P. N., Shatney, C. H., Schein, R. M. H., Wilson, M. F., Sheagren, J. N., & Hinshaw, L. B. (1990) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/00003246-199008000-00001 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in infection, sepsis, and shock.
Bartynski, W. S., Boardman, J. F., Zeigler, Z. R., Shadduck, R. K., & LISTER, J. W. (2006) · PubMed Central · Cited by 398 · see citing works
Sex-and age-based differences in the delivery and outcomes of critical care
Fowler, R., Sabur, N. F., Li, P., Juurlink, D. N., Pinto, R. L., Hladunewich, M., Adhikari, N. K. J., Sibbald, W. J., & Martin, C. M. (2007) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.071112 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy: A vicious cycle of immunosuppression
Ren, C., Yao, R.-Q., Zhang, H., Feng, Y.-W., & Yao, Y.-M. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-1701-3 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Simpson, S. Q. (2016) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1016/j.chest.2016.02.653 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Valentin, A., Jordan, B., Lang�, T., Hiesmayr, M., & Metnitz, P. (2003) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000069347.78151.50 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Cerebral microcirculation is impaired during sepsis: an experimental study
Taccone, F. S., Su, F., Pierrakos, C. N., He, X., James, S., Dewitte, O., Vincent, J., & Backer, D. D. (2010) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc9205 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
The influence of gender on the epidemiology of and outcome from severe sepsis
Sakr, Y. L., Elia, C., Mascia, L., Barberis, B., Cardellino, S., Livigni, S., Fiore, G., Filippini, C., & Ranieri, V. M. (2013) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc12570 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Knöferl, M. W., Angele, M. K., Diodato, M. D., Schwacha, M. G., Ayala, A., Cioffi, W. G., Bland, K. I., & Chaudry, I. H. (2002) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/00000658-200201000-00014 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Sumi, N., Nishioku, T., Takata, F., Matsumoto, J., Watanabe, T., Shuto, H., Yamauchi, A., Dohgu, S., & Kataoka, Y. (2010) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s10571-009-9446-7 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Long-Term Cognitive Impairment after Critical Illness
Fraser, G. L., Riker, R. R., & Coursin, D. C. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc1313886 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Wang, H., Kindig, D. A., & Mullahy, J. (2005) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-004-0612-6 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Progress in Clinical Neurosciences: Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy: Evolving Concepts
Wilson, J. X., & Young, G. B. (2003) · Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques · doi:10.1017/s031716710005335x · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Sepsis induces brain mitochondrial dysfunction.
d’Avila, J. D. C. P., Santiago, A. P. S. A., Amâncio, R. T., Galina, A., Oliveira, M. F., & Bozza, F. A. (2008) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181760c4b · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Knöferl, M. W. (2000) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.135.4.425 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Pathogenesis of septic encephalopathy
Pytel, P., & Alexander, J. J. (2009) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/wco.0b013e32832b3101 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy: not just delirium
Zampieri, F. G., Park, M., Machado, F. S., & Azevedo, L. C. P. (2011) · Clinics · doi:10.1590/s1807-59322011001000024 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Transcranial Doppler to assess sepsis-associated encephalopathy in critically ill patients
Pierrakos, C. N., Attou, R., Decorte, L., Kolyviras, A., Malinverni, S., Gottignies, P., Devriendt, J., & Bels, D. D. (2014) · BMC Anesthesiology · doi:10.1186/1471-2253-14-45 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Sepsis induces apoptotic cell death in different regions of the brain in a rat model of sepsis
Kafa, İ. M., Uysal, M., Bakırcı, S., & Kurt, M. A. (2010) · Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis · doi:10.55782/ane-2010-1796 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Glycemic Control and Excess Mortality in Type 1 Diabetes
Lind, M., Svensson, A.-M., & Rosengren, A. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc1415677 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Wu, L., Feng, Q., Ai, M., Deng, S., Liu, Z., Huang, L., Ai, Y., & Zhang, L. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64200-3 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationAlterations in the brain electrical activity in a rat model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy
Kafa, İ. M., Bakırcı, S., Uysal, M., & Kurt, M. A. (2010) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.07.049 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Berg, R. M. G., Taudorf, S., Bailey, D. M., Lundby, C., Larsen, F. S., Pedersen, B. K., & Møller, K. (2010) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc8873 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Liang, X., Huang, J., Xing, M., He, L., Zhu, X., Weng, Y., Guo, Q., & Zou, W. (2019) · BMC Anesthesiology · doi:10.1186/s12871-019-0729-3 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Zhao, T., Xia, Y., Wang, D., & Pang, L. (2019) · Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1155/2019/1876174 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Hamasaki, M. Y., Severino, P., Puga, R., Koike, M. K., Hernandes, C., Barbeiro, H. V., Barbeiro, D. F., Machado, M. C. C., Reis, E. M. R., & da Silva, F. P. (2019) · Inflammation · doi:10.1007/s10753-019-00964-9 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Somatosensory evoked potentials as predictor of systemic inflammatory response syndrome in pigs?
Ohnesorge, H., Bischoff, P., Scholz, J., Yekebas, E., & Esch, J. S. A. (2003) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-003-1657-7 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Ist die F-Wellen-Entstehung abhängig von der Größe der motorischen Einheiten?
Wohlfarth, K., Dengler, R., Kossev, A. R., Elek, J., Schubert, M., & Wolf, W. (1992) · Klinische Neurophysiologie · doi:10.1055/s-2008-1060716 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy: A vicious cycle of immunosuppression
Ren, C., Yao, R.-Q., Zhang, H., Feng, Y.-W., & Yao, Y.-M. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-1701-3 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Chen, J., Shi, X., Diao, M., Jin, G., Zhu, Y. J., Hu, W., & Xi, S. (2020) · BMC Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12873-020-00374-3 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Sepsis-Associated Brain Dysfunction: A Review of Current Literature
Czempik, P. F., Pluta, M. P., & Krzych, Ł. J. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17165852 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Ehler, J., Petzold, A., Wittstock, M., Kolbaske, S., Gloger, M., Henschel, J., Heslegrave, A., Zetterberg, H., Lunn, M. P., Rommer, P. S., et al. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211184 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Zhang, H., Xu, J., Wu, Q., Fang, H., Shao, X., Ouyang, X., He, Z., Deng, Y., & Chen, C. (2022) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s350566 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Sepsis-Induced Gut Dysbiosis Mediates the Susceptibility to Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy in Mice
Fang, H., Wang, Y., Deng, J., Zhang, H., Wu, Q., He, L., Xu, J., Shao, X., Ouyang, X., He, Z., et al. (2022) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.01399-21 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Gao, L., Wang, Z., Mu, Y., Liu, Z., & Pang, L. (2021) · Pathobiology · doi:10.1159/000520281 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Wu, L., Feng, Q., Ai, M., Deng, S., Liu, Z., Huang, L., Ai, Y., & Zhang, L. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64200-3 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationShi, J., Xu, H., Cavagnaro, M. J., Li, X., & Fang, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.760186 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Li, Z., Yang, M., Peng, Y., Gao, M., & Yang, B.-C. (2019) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.038 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Wang, P., Hu, Y., Yao, D., & Li, Y. (2018) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000493819 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Deng, S., Ai, Y., Gong, H., Feng, Q., Li, X., Chen, C., Liu, Z., Wang, Y., Peng, Q., & Zhang, L. (2018) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.136 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1): Potential Target in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy
DeWulf, B., Minsart, L., Verdonk, F., Kruys, V., Piagnerelli, M., Maze, M., & Saxena, S. (2023) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12071088 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Review of the Predictive Value of Biomarkers in Sepsis Mortality
Zhang, N., Liu, Y., Yang, C., & Li, X. (2024) · Emergency Medicine International · doi:10.1155/2024/2715606 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Park, C., Lei, Z., Li, Y., Ren, B., He, J., Huang, H., Chen, F., Li, H., Brunner, K., Zhu, J., et al. (2024) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-024-03250-0 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Liang, X., Huang, J., Xing, M., He, L., Zhu, X., Weng, Y., Guo, Q., & Zou, W. (2019) · BMC Anesthesiology · doi:10.1186/s12871-019-0729-3 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Kuang, Z., Leng, Y.-X., Yang, N., Li, Z., Zong, Y., Han, D.-Y., Li, Y., He, J., Mi, X.-N., Cong, Z., et al. (2022) · Inflammation Research · doi:10.1007/s00011-022-01593-z · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Zhong, L., Ren, X., Ai, Y., & Liu, Z. (2022) · NeuroMolecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12017-022-08730-1 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, X., Song, Y., Chen, J., Zhang, S., Le, Y., Xie, Z., Ouyang, W., & Tong, J. (2019) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-019-00806-4 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Zhao, T., Xia, Y., Wang, D., & Pang, L. (2019) · Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1155/2019/1876174 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., Chen, S., Tian, W., Zhu, H., Li, W., Dai, W., Zhang, X., Gu, X., & Su, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.817351 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Chu, J., Jiang, Y., Zhou, W., Zhang, J., Li, H., Yu, Y., & Yu, Y. (2022) · Human & Experimental Toxicology · doi:10.1177/09603271221133547 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Machine learning for early prediction of sepsis-associated acute brain injury
Ge, C., Deng, F., Chen, W., Ye, Z., Zhang, L., Ai, Y., Zou, Y., & Peng, Q. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.962027 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationJin, G., Wang, S., Chen, J., HU, W., Zhu, Y. L., & Xi, S. (2022) · TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES · doi:10.55730/1300-0144.5491 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Yuan, M., Jing, G., Kong, Q., Ming, T., Zuo, J., Wang, Q., Feng, Y., Liu, W., Wu, X., & Xia, Z. (2023) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115816 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Application background and mechanism of short-chain fatty acids in sepsis-associated encephalopathy
Zhang, Q., Lu, C., Fan, W., Zhang, J., & Yin, Y. (2023) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2023.1137161 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Hamasaki, M. Y., Severino, P., Puga, R., Koike, M. K., Hernandes, C., Barbeiro, H. V., Barbeiro, D. F., Machado, M. C. C., Reis, E. M. R., & da Silva, F. P. (2019) · Inflammation · doi:10.1007/s10753-019-00964-9 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Mechanical Learning for Prediction of Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy
Zhao, L., Wang, Y., Ge, Z., Zhu, H., & Li, Y. W. (2021) · Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncom.2021.739265 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Siemiński, M., Szaruta-Raflesz, K., Szypenbejl, J., & Krzyżaniak, K. (2023) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox12091786 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Zhao, Q., Xiao, J., Liu, X., & Liu, H. (2023) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2023.1084868 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Zhang, Z., Guo, L., Jia, L., Duo, H., Shen, L., & Zhao, H. (2024) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2024.1379019 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
de Araújo, B. E. S., Fontana, R. D. S., de Magalhães‐Barbosa, M. C., Lima‐Setta, F., Paravidino, V. B., Riveiro, P. M., Pulcheri, L., Salú, M. D. S., de Oliveira, M. B. G., Robaina, J. R., et al. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-14853-z · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Identification of IL-8 in CSF as a potential biomarker in sepsis-associated encephalopathy
Mao, Y., Zhang, A., Yang, H., & Zhang, C. (2023) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156390 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Huang, L., Zhang, L., Liu, Z., Zhao, S., Xu, D., Li, L., Peng, Q., & Ai, Y. (2019) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.045 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationOrhun, G., Sencer, S., Tüzün, E., Bebek, N., Özcan, P. E., Barbüroğlu, M., Günver, M. G., & Esen, F. (2022) · Neurocritical Care · doi:10.1007/s12028-021-01433-8 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Baby, S., Reljic, T., Villalba, N., Kumar, A., & Yuan, S. Y. (2023) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0281941 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Huang, L., Chen, J., Li, X., Mingxin, H., Liu, J., Qin, N., Zeng, Z., Wang, X., Li, F., & Yang, H. S. (2022) · Journal of Surgical Research · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2022.03.008 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationMo, Y., Wang, L., Ren, M., Xie, W., Ye, X., Zhou, B., Zhang, A., Dai, Q., & Wang, J. (2021) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.10.010 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Amitriptyline Reduces Sepsis-Induced Brain Damage Through TrkA Signaling Pathway
Zhang, L., Peng, X., Ai, Y., Li, L., Zhao, S., Liu, Z., Peng, Q., Deng, S., Huang, Y., Mo, Y., et al. (2020) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-020-01611-x · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of MFHAS1 on cognitive impairment and dendritic pathology in the hippocampus of septic rats
Zhong, J., Guo, C., Hou, W., Shen, N., & Miao, C. (2019) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116822 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
ROLE OF MICROGLIA IN SEPSIS-ASSOCIATED ENCEPHALOPATHY PATHOGENESIS: AN UPDATE
Yu, Z., Shi, H., Zhang, J., Ma, C., He, C., Yang, F., & Zhao, L. (2023) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0000000000002296 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Jin, J. J., Yu, L., Zhou, Q., & Zeng, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2024.1344004 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Non-hepatic Hyperammonemia: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Sepsis-associated Encephalopathy
Zhao, L., Li, Y., Wang, Y., Ge, Z., Zhu, H., Zhou, X., & Li, Y. W. (2021) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1871527321666211221161534 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Kowalewska, P. M., Kowalewski, J. E., Milkovich, S., Sové, R. J., Wang, L., Whitehead, S. N., & Ellis, C. G. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-10208-w · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Review on the Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Septic Encephalopathy
Fu, C., Weng, S., Liu, D., Guo, R., Chen, M., Shi, B., & Weng, J. (2024) · Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1007/s12013-024-01493-5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Polcz, V. E., Barrios, E. L., Chapin, B. A., Price, C. C., Nagpal, R., Chakrabarty, P., Casadesús, G., Foster, T. C., Moldawer, L. L., & Efron, P. A. (2023) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20220555 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Li, H., Liao, H., Zhang, C., Xu, Y., Xu, X., Chen, Y., Song, S., Li, Q., Si, Y., & Bao, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.1032098 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates cell injury in lipopolysaccharide-induced nerve cells
Li, M., Zhang, Y., & Wang, J. (2020) · Journal of International Medical Research · doi:10.1177/0300060520949762 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The molecular basis of brain injury in preterm infants with sepsis - associated encephalopathy
Gong, X., Weng, B., Zhang, X., Yan, C., & Cai, C. (2022) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-022-03372-5 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Yuechen, Z., Xi, S., Zhouxing, Z., Gu, F., & Hu, W. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1125888 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Insight Into Regulatory T Cells in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy
Gao, Y.-L., Liu, Y.-C., Zhang, X., Shou, S.-T., & Chai, Y.-F. (2022) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.830784 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Wang, P., Yan, J., Shi, Q., Yang, F., Li, X., Shen, Y., Liu, H., Xie, K., & Zhao, L. (2023) · Emergency Medicine International · doi:10.1155/2023/6676033 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Chen, Y., Hu, Y., Li, X., Chen, P., Wang, C., Wang, J., Wu, J., Sun, Y., Zheng, G., Lu, Y., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.838746 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Review of Neurofilaments as Biomarkers in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy
Zhang, Q., Fan, W., Sun, J., Zhang, J., & Yin, Y. (2023) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s391325 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Zhao, L., Hou, S., Na, R., Liu, B., Wang, Z., Li, Y., & Xie, K. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016931 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The diagnostic and prognostic value of soluble ST2 in Sepsis
Ye, X., Jia, W., Hu, L., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Xuan, J., Han, S., Qu, Y., Yang, L., Wei, B., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2024.1487443 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
LUO, Y., YANG, H., ZHOU, M., YANG, W., ZHANG, W., & Li, Q. Q. (2023) · In Vivo · doi:10.21873/invivo.13366 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Simpkins, A. N., Busl, K. M., Amorim, E., Barnett, C., Cervenka, M. C., Dhakar, M. B., Etherton, M. R., Fung, C., Griggs, R. C., Holloway, R. G., et al. (2020) · Neurocritical Care · doi:10.1007/s12028-020-01085-0 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Miyao, M., Hirotsu, A., Tatsumi, K., & Tanaka, T. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16904 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Sokołowska, E. M., Wityk, P., Szypenbejl, J., Petrosjan, R., Raczak‐Gutknecht, J., Waszczuk‐Jankowska, M., Dudzik, D., Markuszewski, M. J., & Siemiński, M. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29530 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Gong, Q.-Q., Yuan, Z., She, T.-Y., Ge, F., & Zhang, Y. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-08075-2 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of the Role of Peripheral Inflammation in Delirium
Moorey, H. C., McCluskey, L., Andleeb, S., Botfield, H. F., & Jackson, T. (2025) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.70979 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Clinical values of cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring in patients with septic shock.
Peng, Q., Zhang, L., Ai, M., Huang, L., & Ai, Y. (2021) · PubMed Central · doi:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2021.200905 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationP2X7 receptor: A receptor closely linked with sepsis-associated encephalopathy
Fan, Z., Wang, K., Zhao, X., & Sun, X. (2024) · Open Life Sciences · doi:10.1515/biol-2022-0775 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Zhang, Q., Zhang, X., Li, Y. W., Zeng, L., Zhu, R., Xin, Y., Liu, L., Hu, Z., & Huo, Y. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-00353-3 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Kim, T. J., Kim, J., Lee, J. S., Park, S.-H., Cha, J., Bae, H.-M., & Ko, S. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-02658-9 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Wu, S., Wang, Y., Song, Y., Hu, H., Jing, L., & Zhu, W. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1152630 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Luo, H., Li, G., Yang, B., Huang, X., Chen, Y., & Shen, W. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0293256 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Zhang, H., Ai, Y., Zhang, X., Deng, F., Jiang, S., Xie, S., Peng, M., Chen, W., Hu, J., Deng, S., et al. (2024) · Neurocritical Care · doi:10.1007/s12028-024-02018-x · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationZhu, Y., Li, J., Dai, L., & Feng, W. (2024) · Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1007/s12013-024-01488-2 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Shi, X., Xu, L., Jing, L., Wang, Z., Zhao, L., & Zhao, X. (2024) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1509726 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
New Strategies to Optimize Hemodynamics for Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy
Zhao, L., Liu, B., Wang, Y., Wang, Z. P., Xie, K., & Li, Y. (2022) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm12121967 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Silva, S. D., Urwin, A., Grimwood, C. L., Goh, E. K. E., Higgins, A. M., & Hodgson, C. L. (2025) · Critical Care Explorations · doi:10.1097/cce.0000000000001238 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Wang, G., Gao, Y., Fu, Y., Huo, Q., Guo, E., Jiang, Q., Liu, J., Jiang, X., & Liu, X. (2024) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2024.1418405 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Microbiome and Metabolic Immune Mechanisms in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy
Nan, Z. (2025) · Journal of Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1177/08850666251385540 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Zuo, J., Ding, R., Wang, X., Jing, G., Gong, H., Yuan, M., Xia, Y. F., Qin, J., Wu, X., & Song, X. (2025) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2025.115417 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationJi, H., Oh, E. G., Choi, M., Kim, H. Y., Kim, Y. A., & Lee, K. H. (2023) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.16031 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Liang, J.-W., Chen, Y., Liu, C.-Y., Zeng, Y.-F., Sun, Z.-D., Liang, M.-H., & He, H. (2026) · Inflammation Research · doi:10.1007/s00011-026-02303-9 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Incidence and Prognosis of ICU Delirium: A Retrospective Study from a Single Center
Feng, Q., Ai, Y., Ai, M., Huang, L., Peng, Q., & Zhang, L. (2021) · Intensive Care Research · doi:10.2991/icres.k.210206.001 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationAcute Abnormalities Identified on Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Sepsis
Hosokawa, T., Kinoshita, K., Ihara, S., Nakagawa, K., Iguchi, U., Mutoh, T., Sawada, N., Kuwana, T., Yamaguchi, J., & Sakurai, A. (2025) · Neurocritical Care · doi:10.1007/s12028-025-02235-y · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Li, F., Niu, B., Huang, Y., Zhu, M., Liu, L., Chen, L., Yang, H. U. I., 秦波音, & Zhou, X. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1798003 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Infektionen und Nervensystem in der Geriatrie
Djukic, M., Tauber, S. C., & Nau, R. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-57358-7_18 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Scarlatescu, F., Scărlătescu, E., Tomescu, D. R., & Bartos, D. (2024) · The Journal of Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.2478/jccm-2024-0040 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Chronic “sepsis brain” and regulatory T cells – A promising therapeutic target
Darden, D. B., Fenner, B. P., Foster, T. C., Larson, S. D., & Efron, P. A. (2021) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.01.017 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
ICU delirium:what is different between the type of diseases?Preprint
Feng, Q., Ai, Y., Ai, M., Deng, S., Peng, Q., & Zhang, L. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.2.20793/v1
Self-citationTong, D., Zhou, Y., & Wang, S.-D. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-16897/v1
Tong, D., Zhou, Y., Wang, S. D., Wang, G., Wang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2019) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.2.14475/v1
Zhao, L., Yang, J., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Ge, Z., & Li, Y. W. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3927758
Altered Mental Status and Its Causes: Commonest Dilemma of Residents and Emergency Physicians
Khan, J. A., Mehmood, H., & Khattak, M. I. (2022) · Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal · doi:10.51253/pafmj.v72i5.7337
Zhu, B., Liu, F., Jia, Z., Chen, Z., & Wang, L. (2024) · Vojnosanitetski pregled · doi:10.2298/vsp230911004z
REAL-TIME EVALUATION OF BRAIN INJURY SEVERITY IN SEPTIC MICE USING A NOVEL SCORING SYSTEM
Zhang, H., Jiang, S., Xie, S., Wei, X., Hu, J., Zhang, X., & Zhang, L. (2025) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0000000000002614
Self-citationChen, J., Shi, X., Diao, M., Jin, G., Zhu, Y., Hu, W., & Xi, S. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13059488
Ge, Z., Lu, X., Yu, S., Qin, M., Gong, C., Xu, Q., Gao, Y., Walline, J. H., Zhu, H., & Li, Y. (2026) · World Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2026.034
Li, X., Chang, X., Jiang, C., Wang, Y., Duan, B., Ma, W., & Yu, J. (2026) · European journal of medical research · doi:10.1186/s40001-026-04334-8
Zhang, Y., Xie, Y., Zhang, Z. G., Gu, F., & Xi, S. (2026) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0000000000002899
Wei, J.-X., Mao, H., Mo, H., Chen, Y., Deng, E., Zhong, A., Tang, X., Liu, S., Zheng, S., Liao, H., et al. (2026) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.70477
Xin, T., Wang, C., Gong, F., Zhao, Y., He, J. C., Wang, X., Nie, D., Jin, G., & Liu, A. (2026) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2026.1884282
Guan, L., Yu, M., Lin, Y., Xu, F., Xu, A., & Zhu, H. (2026) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108815
Liu, Z., Zhang, L., Xie, J., Zhou, J., Yang, Y., & Wang, L. (2026) · Gels · doi:10.3390/gels12090832
Self-citationZeng, Y., Lin, S., li, H., Dong, L., Kong, X., Cai, H., Wang, S., & Ning, B. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11196734/v1
- Authors
- Feng, Q., Ai, Y.-H., Gong, H., Wu, L., Ai, M.-L., Deng, S.-Y., Huang, L., Peng, Q.-Y., & Zhang, L.-N.
- Affiliations
- Central South University (CN)
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Venue
- Journal of Intensive Care Medicine
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2017-07-18
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 11-12
- Pages
- 938-945
- ISSN
- 0885-0666 (ISSN-L)
- 1525-1489
- OpenAlex
- W2737736711
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 4.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Intensive Care Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (81401099, 81501649?81671960)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
- Keywords
- sepsis, sepsis-associated encephalopathy, sepsis diagnostic criteria, sensitivity, APACHE II score, SOFA score, mortality, prognostic factors, long-term prognosis, quality of life, intensive care unit patients
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Quality of Life, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Incidence, Hospital Mortality, Sepsis, APACHE, Organ Dysfunction Scores, Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review