Ethnicity and Risk for Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Following Intimate Partner Violence: Prevalence and Predictors in European American and African American Women
Abstract
The present study uses a feminist theoretical framework to explore risk factors for the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms following intimate partner violence, with a community sample of 120 low-income European American and African American women. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine demographic, violence, and mental health variables that predict posttraumatic stress symptoms. The data reveal that African American women report lower levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms than do their European American peers. This difference was observed despite the presence of more empirically identified risk factors for African American women. Regression analyses show that symptoms of depression increase risk for posttraumatic stress for both groups. However, a difference was observed such that past victimization increase risk for only European American women, whereas amount of psychological violence in the previous year increases risk for only African American women. Potential explanations for observed ethnic differences are offered.
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In 21 additional PTSD studies not convertible to Hedges g or odds ratio, 16 demonstrated a positive association between psychological violence and PTSD, while 5 were insignificant.
“Of these, 16 studies demonstrated a positive association between psychological violence and PTSD [32–47], while the remaining five studies were insignificant [48–52].”
From The psychological subtype of intimate partner violence and its effect on mental health: a systematic review with meta-analyses (2022) · cites this paper as [41]
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- Authors
- Lilly, M. M., & Graham-Bermann, S. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- University of Michigan
- Corresponding author
- Lilly, Michelle M.
- ORCID
- Lilly, Michelle M.
- Venue
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-02-25
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-19
- ISSN
- 0886-2605 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-6518
- OpenAlex
- W2060369785
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Keywords
- intimate partner violence, posttraumatic stress symptoms, ethnicity, African American women, European American women, depression, psychological violence, risk factors, low-income women, feminist theory
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Black or African American, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Middle Aged, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Spouse Abuse, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, United States, Prevalence, Women's Health, Battered Women, Crime Victims, Black People, White People
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