Duration of exposure and the dose-response model of PTSD
Open accessAbstract
A dose-response model underlies posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and posits a relationship between event magnitude and clinical outcome. The present study examines whether one index of event magnitude--duration of exposure--contributes to risk of PTSD among female victims of sexual assault. Findings support a small but significant contribution of event duration to clinical status in the immediate aftermath of trauma but not at 3-month follow-up. The opposite pattern is obtained for subjective appraisals of threat. These findings add to a growing literature that suggests that a simple application of the dose-response model to objective event characteristics may be insufficient to explain the risk of PTSD.
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A longer duration of assault is generally associated with an increased risk for PTSD.
“Multiple perpetrators (Möller et al., 2014), multiple sexual acts (Möller et al., 2014), physical injury inflicted during the rape (Möller et al., 2014;Ullman and Filipas, 2001) and a longer duration of assault (Kaysen et al., 2010) are generally associated with an increased risk for PTSD.”
From Risk and protective factors affecting the symptom trajectory of posttraumatic stress disorder post-rape (2022) · cites this paper as Kaysen et al., 2010
Some studies have found significant relationships between PTSD and multiple perpetrators, multiple sexual acts, physical injury during rape, longer assault duration, and perceived life threat, while other studies have not.
“Some studies have found a significant relationship between PTSD and multiple perpetrators (Möller et al., 2014), multiple sexual acts (Möller et al., 2014), physical injury inflicted during the rape (Möller et al., 2014;Ullman and Filipas, 2001) longer duration of assault (Kaysen et al., 2010) and perceived life threat (Ullman et al., 2007;Ullman and Filipas, 2001;Kaysen et al., 2010) while other”
From Risk and protective factors affecting the symptom trajectory of posttraumatic stress disorder post-rape (2022) · cites this paper as Kaysen et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Kaysen, D., Rosen, G., Bowman, M., & Resick, P. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kaysen, Debra
- Venue
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-02-27
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 63-74
- ISSN
- 0886-2605 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-6518
- PMC
- PMC2962551
- OpenAlex
- W2144042050
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 7.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (F32AA014728)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH046992, R01-MH-46992)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, dose-response modeling, duration of exposure, event magnitude, sexual assault, women victims, threat appraisal, trauma risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Fear, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Life Change Events, Middle Aged, Models, Psychological, Rape, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Time Factors, Chi-Square Distribution, Crime Victims, Young Adult
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