Risk for Postpartum Depression, Breastfeeding Practices, and Mammary Gland Permeability
Abstract
In a cross-sectional study, 163 breastfeeding women completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), a questionnaire on demographics and infant feeding and hand-expressed breast milk for Na and K quantification, between 2 and 12 weeks postpartum. Forty women (24.5%) had an EPDS score compatible with the risk of a depressive episode, and 63 (41%) did not feel confident about breastfeeding. These 2 variables were significantly correlated to each other and individually correlated to breastfeeding exclusiveness. Weeks postpartum was correlated to breastfeeding exclusiveness and Na:K in milk (all P < .001). A logistic regression model showed that supplementation increased the risk of high Na:K in milk by 209%, whereas a longer time postpartum lowered the risk for mammary gland permeability. This study suggests that postpartum depression and low breastfeeding confidence, which may be present concomitantly, are associated with increased mammary gland permeability, only to the extent in which depression dissuades the mother from exclusive breastfeeding.
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Mothers with depressive symptoms exhibited a lack of breastfeeding confidence compared with mothers without depressive symptoms.
“exhibit a lack of breastfeeding confidence91”
From Consequences of maternal postpartum depression: A systematic review of maternal and infant outcomes (2019) · cites this paper as [91]
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- Authors
- Flores-Quijano, M. E., Córdova, A., Contreras-Ramírez, V., Farias-Hernández, L., Cruz Tolentino, M., & Casanueva, E.
- Affiliations
- Instituto Nacional de Perinatología (MX)
- Mexican Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City
- Department of Nutrition Research at the Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City
- Venue
- Journal of Human Lactation
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-02
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 50-57
- ISSN
- 0890-3344 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5732
- OpenAlex
- W2140881335
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 1.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Human Lactation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Keywords
- postpartum depression, breastfeeding practices, breastfeeding confidence, exclusive breastfeeding, Na+/K+ ratio, postpartum period, infant feeding
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Breast Feeding, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Lactation, Male, Mastitis, Milk, Human, Potassium, Risk Factors, Sodium, Logistic Models, Depression, Postpartum, Mammary Glands, Human
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