Protective influence of breastfeeding on cardiovascular risk factors in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus and their children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Background: There is evidence that breastfeeding may provide protection against cardiovascular risk factors in mothers with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus and their children who were exposed in utero. Research Aim: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to ascertain the effects of breastfeeding on cardiovascular risk factors in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus and their children exposed in utero. Methods: Studies assessing conventional cardiovascular risk factors in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus and children exposed in utero stratified by breastfeeding/no breastfeeding or breastfed/not breastfed were included. Gestational diabetes mellitus was defined based on the International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group definition or previous accepted definitions. Breastfeeding was defined as reported in each study. Results: The literature search yielded 260 titles, of which 17 studies were selected to be in the review. Women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus who did not breastfeed had higher blood glucose ( SMD: 0.32, 95% CI [0.12, 0.53]) and a greater risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus ( RR: 2.08 95% CI [1.44, 3.00]) compared to women with no history. There were not enough studies to conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of breastfeeding on risk factors for cardiovascular disease among children exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus in utero. Conclusion: Breastfeeding appears to be protective against cardiovascular risk factors among women who experience gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Breastfeeding may improve the metabolic risk factors of offspring.
“It may improve the metabolic risk factors of offspring, but more studies are needed (147).”
From 15. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024</i> (2024) · cites this paper as [147]
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15. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024</i>
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, ElSayed, N. A., Aleppo, G., Bannuru, R. R., Bruemmer, D., Collins, B. S., Ekhlaspour, L., Hilliard, M. E., Johnson, E. L., Khunti, K., et al. (2024) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc24-s015 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
- Authors
- Pathirana, M. M., Ali, A., Lassi, Z. S., Arstall, M. A., Roberts, C. T., & Andraweera, P. H.
- Affiliations
- The University of Adelaide (AU)
- Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Lyell McEwin Hospital (AU)
- Flinders University (AU)
- Venue
- Journal of Human Lactation
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2021-10-05
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 501-512
- ISSN
- 0890-3344 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5732
- OpenAlex
- W3203058875
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 0.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Human Lactation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Keywords
- breastfeeding, gestational diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular risk factors, type 2 diabetes, maternal blood glucose, prenatal exposure, maternal cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Heart Disease Risk Factors, Breast Feeding, Cardiovascular Diseases, Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Diabetes, Gestational
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