The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The importance of ethics in leading an International Baccalaureate School in China
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the challenges that leaders and teachers face in a British-style, International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme school in China. Although there has been substantial literature devoted to the spread of International Baccalaureate Schools in East and Southeast Asia, relatively little research has been done on International Baccalaureate schools in China. This study investigated the cultural expectations of school leaders and how school leaders and teachers could negotiate these. A total of seven semi-structured interviews were held with school leaders and teachers to investigate these challenges. Twenty-four teachers were also surveyed. It was found that emotional intelligence and cultural awareness were vital for leaders. Furthermore, as achieving consensus can be very difficult in an international school setting, it was vital for leaders to rely on their ethical judgements and core principles.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This study also shows that British-style International Baccalaureate school principals balanced Confucian respect for authority with Western pedagogical philosophies to navigate cultural clashes through empathy and ethical judgment.”
From The Direct and Cascading Impacts of School Leaders’ Emotional Intelligence on Teachers and Students: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as Gibson (2024)
In the citing paper
“Gibson (2024) found that EI was reframed in China to emphasise hierarchical harmony and collective goal alignment implying a divergence from Western models that stress individual empowerment.”
From The Direct and Cascading Impacts of School Leaders’ Emotional Intelligence on Teachers and Students: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as Gibson (2024)
Citations
Cites
Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste.
Warner, M., Bourdieu, P., & Nice, R. (1985) · MLN · doi:10.2307/2905454 · Cited by 14,110
Brown, J. S., & Duguid, P. (1991) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2.1.40 · Cited by 8,742
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2017) · doi:10.4324/9781315456539 · Cited by 6,018
Merriam, S. B. (2014) · Advances in knowledge acquisition, transfer, and management book series/Advances in knowledge acquisition, transfer and management book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-7409-7.ch007 · Cited by 2,672
Robinson, V. M. J., Lloyd, C. A., & Rowe, K. J. (2008) · Educational Administration Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0013161x08321509 · Cited by 2,549
Real world research : a resource for users of social research methods in applied settings
Robson, C. (2011) · Cited by 1,239
Fundamentals of Qualitative Research
Saldaña, J. (2011) · Cited by 1,179
Conducting research interviews
Rowley, J. (2012) · Management Research Review · doi:10.1108/01409171211210154 · Cited by 907
Bolman, L. G., & Deal, T. E. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119281856 · Cited by 889
A Review of Transformational School Leadership Research 1996–2005
Leithwood, K., & Jantzi, D. (2005) · Leadership and Policy in Schools · doi:10.1080/15700760500244769 · Cited by 776 · cited 1×
“…transformational theories of leadership, emphasising individuals who single-handedly inspire staff to work towards a clear direction and vision (Leithwood and Jantzi, 2005; Robinson et al., 2008), have been superseded by advocates of distributed leadership who encourage teachers to develop a…”
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Cambron-McCabe N, Senge P (2000) Schools that Learn. London: Nicholas Brealy.
- International Baccalaureate Organisation [IBO] (2017) What is an IB Education? Cardiff, Wales: International Baccalaureate Organisation.
- Mahsud R, Yukl G, Prussia G (2010) Leader empathy, ethical leadership and relations-oriented behaviours as antecedents of leader-member exchange quality. Journal of Management Psychology 25(6): 561–577.
- Swaffield S, MacBeath J (2008) Leadership and learning. In: MacBeath J, Dempster N (eds) Connecting Leadership and Learning: Principles for Practice. London: Routledge, pp.32–52.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sasere, O. B., & Matashu, M. (2025) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci15091168 · Cited by 9
“Principals in British-style international schools in China alleviated teacher anxiety during cultural clashes by balancing Confucian and Western educational philosophies and emphasising empathy and ethical judgment (Gibson, 2024).”
InfluentialEmbracing Humility: A Case Study on the Transition of Former School Leaders to Subordinate Roles
Agua, C. J., Arambala, P. J. G., Fernandez, E., & Idulsa, M. (2024) · Journal of interdisciplinary perspectives · doi:10.69569/jip.2024.0541
Desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional en directivos de empresas turísticas
Miguel, B. P. D., Castro-Mustelier, E., & Aguilera, N. C. (2024) · Economía y Negocios · doi:10.29019/eyn.v16i1.1495
Metadata
- Authors
- Gibson, C.
- Affiliations
- Wellington College International Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author
- Gibson, Conor
- ORCID
- Gibson, Conor
- Venue
- Management in Education
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2024-06-20
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 135-141
- ISSN
- 0892-0206 (ISSN-L)
- 1741-9883
- OpenAlex
- W4399856750
- Cited by
- 3
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 3.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Management in Education (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Educational Leadership and Practices
- Social Sciences › Education › Education and Teacher Training
- Social Sciences › Education › Global Education and Multiculturalism
- Keywords
- International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme, international schools, school leadership, ethics in education, cultural expectations, emotional intelligence, cultural awareness, consensus building, moral judgment, teacher perceptions, China
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
