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Cited by 36Geriatric Care and Nursing HomesDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchNursing care and research

Transitioning to long-term care: Family caregiver experiences of dementia, communities, and counseling

Open access
Zmora, Rachel, Statz, Tamara L., Birkeland, Robyn W., McCarron, Hayley R., Finlay, Jessica M., Rosebush, Christina E., Gaugler, Joseph E.·2021·Journal of Aging and Health
DOI 10.1177/0898264320963588PMC PMC7891851
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Abstract

Objectives: Previous analyses of interventions targeting relationships between family caregivers of people with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias and residential long-term care (RLTC) staff showed modest associations with caregiver outcomes. This analysis aimed to better understand interpersonal and contextual factors that influence caregiver–staff relationships and identify targets for future interventions to improve these relationships. Methods: Using a parallel convergent mixed methods approach to analyze data from an ongoing counseling intervention trial, descriptive statistics characterized the sample of 85 caregivers and thematic analyses explored their experiences over 4 months. Results: The findings illustrated that communication, perceptions of care, and relationships with staff are valued by family caregivers following the transition of a relative with dementia to RLTC. Discussion: The findings deepen understanding of potential intervention targets and mechanisms. These results can inform future psychosocial and psychoeducational approaches that assist, validate, and empower family caregivers during the transition to RLTC.

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Crossref · 10.1177/0898264320963588

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  • Dedicated care coordinators, such as case managers or primary nurses, were found to guide families effectively through complex transitions.

    “Similarly, dedicated care coordinators, such as case managers or primary nurses, were found to guide families effectively through complex transitions (Khemai et al., 2022; Saragosa et al., 2023; Zmora et al., 2021).”

    From Mind the gap: a systematic review of barriers, facilitators, and experiences of care transitions for people living with dementia and their informal caregivers. (2026) · cites this paper as Zmora et al., 2021

    The Results (Qualitative) say transition counselors coached caregivers through moves to another room or community, supporting the claim that families received guidance through difficult transitions. The paper describes these counselors, not dedicated care coordinators such as case managers or primary nurses, and does not establish that those roles guided families effectively. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Respectful and compassionate care was repeatedly described as a key facilitator of smoother, more person-centered transitions.

    “Respectful and compassionate care was repeatedly described as a key facilitator of smoother, more person-centered transitions (Zmora et al., 2021).”

    From Mind the gap: a systematic review of barriers, facilitators, and experiences of care transitions for people living with dementia and their informal caregivers. (2026) · cites this paper as Zmora et al., 2021

    In Results > Qualitative (page unavailable), caregivers expressed greater confidence when staff treated residents with respect and dignity, and a case note links kind, attentive staff with personalized care. The same section describes smoother moves as something the transition counselor helped caregivers plan; it does not identify respectful and compassionate care as a key facilitator of smoother transitions. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Caregivers consistently valued staff who were emotionally supportive, responsive, and proactive in involving them in care planning.

    “Caregivers consistently valued staff who were emotionally supportive, responsive, and proactive in involving them in care planning (Khemai et al., 2022; Zmora et al., 2021).”

    From Mind the gap: a systematic review of barriers, facilitators, and experiences of care transitions for people living with dementia and their informal caregivers. (2026) · cites this paper as Zmora et al., 2021

    The Results (Qualitative; page not provided) say caregivers felt supported when staff responded to their suggestions and collaborated with them. The Discussion links emotional support from staff to family satisfaction. But the paper does not establish that staff consistently took the initiative to involve caregivers in care planning; it says care conferences were often underutilized and recommends that staff ask for caregivers’ input. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Caregivers reported distress over depersonalized or unsafe environments and preferred facilities with person-centered approaches that incorporated personal histories and belongings.

    “Caregivers reported distress over depersonalized or unsafe environments and preferred facilities with person-centered approaches that incorporated personal histories and belongings (Smith et al., 2023; Zmora et al., 2021).”

    From Mind the gap: a systematic review of barriers, facilitators, and experiences of care transitions for people living with dementia and their informal caregivers. (2026) · cites this paper as Zmora et al., 2021

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Authors
Zmora, R., Statz, T. L., Birkeland, R. W., McCarron, H. R., Finlay, J. M., Rosebush, C. E., & Gaugler, J. E.
Affiliations
  • University of Minnesota (US)
  • University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author
Gaugler, Joseph E.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Aging and Health
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2020-09-29
Volume
33
Issue
1-2
Pages
133-146
ISSN
  • 0898-2643 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-6887
DOI
10.1177/0898264320963588
PMC
PMC7891851
OpenAlex
W3091098527
Cited by
36
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4
FWCI
4.70
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2021-05-13)
Open access
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Aging and Health (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (5R18HS022836)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Nursing care and research
Keywords
family caregivers, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, long-term residential care, transition to long-term care, caregiver experiences, communication, perceptions of care, psychosocial interventions, psychoeducation
MeSH terms
Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Counseling, Dementia, Family, Female, Health Personnel, Humans, Long-Term Care, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Stress, Psychological, Caregivers

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