The DOI matches its Crossref record; 106 of the 106 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Making Gender Relevant: Conversation Analysis and Gender Categories in Interaction
Abstract
In this article, we critically evaluate a conversation analytic approach to the study of the links between gender and language from a feminist perspective. In so doing, we engage in the recent series of exchanges about conversation analysis (CA) and other strands of discourse analysis that have been published in Discourse & Society. We consider talk from two sets of discourse data, focusing on participants' orientation to gender categories as they crop up in the interactions. We suggest that a CA approach produces a rich understanding of the links between discourse and gender. However, we are critical of several, often unexamined aspects and conundrums of conversation analytic methodology. First, we consider the extent to which the `analytic stances' of feminism and conversation analysis are compatible. Second, we question whether, as Schegloff (1997) suggests, it is fruitful to rely on descriptions of and orientations to gender solely in participants' terms, as well as problematizing the notion of `orienting to gender' itself. Finally, while we propose CA is a useful tool for making claims about the relevance of gender in conversational interaction, and that such claims are grounded in speakers' orientations, we suggest that culture and common-sense knowledge, of both members and analysts, are largely unacknowledged and unexplicated resources in CA.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The offender makes gender relevant (Stokoe & Smithson, 2001) through the reference to 'my pussy'.”
From A discursive analysis of compliance, resistance and escalation to threats in sexually exploitative interactions between offenders and male children (2021) · cites this paper as Stokoe & Smithson, 2001
Citations
Cites
WEST, C., & ZIMMERMAN, D. H. (1987) · Gender & Society · doi:10.1177/0891243287001002002 · Cited by 8,954
Sacks, H. (1995) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781444328301 · Cited by 5,429
(1987) · Open Research Online - ORO (The Open University) · Cited by 4,513
(1985) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511665868 · Cited by 4,199
Lakoff, R. (1973) · Language in Society · doi:10.1017/s0047404500000051 · Cited by 3,138
Performative Acts and Gender Constitution : An Essay in Phenomenology and Feminist Theory
Butler, J. (1988) · Theatre Journal · doi:10.4324/9780203567234-13 · Cited by 2,929
ten Have, P. (2007) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781849208895 · Cited by 2,594
You just don't understand : women and men in conversation
Tannen, D. (1992) · Cited by 2,589
Discourse as Social Interaction
van Dijk, T. A. (1997) · Cited by 2,261
You just don't understand: Women and men in conversation
Murray, S. O. (1992) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/0378-2166(92)90087-r · Cited by 2,261
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 17
- Antaki, C., 1995, British Psychological Society Social Psychology Section Newsletter, 21
- Butler, Judith, Performing Feminisms
- Cameron, D., Exploring Gender: Questions for English Language Education
- Cicourel, A., Rethinking Context
- Coates, J., Women Talk
- Coates, J., Communicating Gender in Context
- Connell, R.W., Masculinities
- Conrick, M., Womanspeak
- Hester, S., Culture in Action: Membership Categorisation Analysis
- Hollway, W., Subjectivity and Method in Psychology
- Jayyusi, L., Categories and the Moral Order
- Labov, W., Language in the Inner Cities
- Ochs, E., Rethinking Context
- Sacks, H., Structures of Social Action: Studies in Conversation Analysis
- 10.2307/800615 · DOI
- Widdicombe, S., Identities in Talk
- Wilkinson, S., Critical Psychology
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 212
Relativity and its discontents: Language, gender and pragmatics
Cameron, D. (2005) · Intercultural Pragmatics · doi:10.1515/iprg.2005.2.3.321 · Cited by 11
From process to practice: language, interaction and ‘flashbulb’ memories
Wooffitt, R. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511489990.010 · Cited by 11
What Comes After Discourse Analysis for LGBTQ Psychology?
Hegarty, P. V. (2007) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470713099.ch3 · Cited by 11
Coaching research in 2020 – About destinations, journeys and travelers (Part II)
Graf, E.-M., & Dionne, F. (2021) · International Coaching Psychology Review · doi:10.53841/bpsicpr.2021.16.2.6 · Cited by 10
Raymond, C. W., & Gill, V. T. (2025) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/00031224251347285 · Cited by 9
Reel women: gender stereotypes in film
Krahn, K. M. (2015) · Cited by 9
Orientation to the Setting: Discursively Accomplished Intersubjectivity
Murakami, K. (2003) · Culture & Psychology · doi:10.1177/1354067x030093005 · Cited by 9
Tarım, Ş. D. (2016) · International Online Journal of Educational Sciences · doi:10.15345/iojes.2016.02.003 · Cited by 8
Tanaka, H., & Fukushima, M. (2002) · Discourse & Society · doi:10.1177/0957926502013006755 · Cited by 8
Misgendering, Cisgenderism and the Reproduction of the Gender Order in Social Interaction
Pino, M., & Edmonds, D. M. (2024) · Sociology · doi:10.1177/00380385241237194 · Cited by 7
de Rijk, L. E. M., Breukelman, M., Dalmaijer, E., & Stommel, W. (2024) · Discourse & Communication · doi:10.1177/17504813241267117 · Cited by 7
Theorizing Language and Discourse for the Interactional Study of Identities
Korobov, N. (2016) · Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s12124-016-9371-5 · Cited by 8
Directions in Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis
Francis, D. J., & Hester, S. (2005) · Cited by 7
Talmy, S. (2010) · Cited by 7
Äußerung für Äußerung zum Coaching-Prozess
Graf, E.-M. (2018) · Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht eBooks · doi:10.13109/9783666402920.137 · Cited by 7
To slap a “Kraxelhora”: Violence as category-bound activity in young men’s talk
Andersson, K. (2007) · NORMA · doi:10.18261/issn1890-2146-2007-02-05 · Cited by 7
Critical Perspectives on Using Interviews and Focus Groups
Litosseliti, L. (2018) · Bloomsbury Publishing Plc eBooks · doi:10.5040/9781350043466.ch-009 · Cited by 7
Displays of Trust/Mistrust in Public Meetings: “I don’t believe you are going to jack us around!”
Jarmon, L. (2009) · Journal of Deliberative Democracy · doi:10.16997/jdd.89 · Cited by 6
Shaping Marginalized Identities and Indexing Deficient Behaviours in A Special Needs Unit
Evaldsson, A., & Karlsson, Y. (2012) · SensePublishers eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-6091-803-2_9 · Cited by 6
Doing Gender Against the Odds: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Educational Discourse
Swann, J. (2009) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230280748_2 · Cited by 6
Graf, E.-M. (2016) · Coaching | Theorie & Praxis · doi:10.1365/s40896-016-0015-z · Cited by 8
Approaches to "Context" within Conversation Analysis
Raclaw, J. (2009) · CU Scholar (University of Colorado Boulder) · doi:10.25810/qbrs-0970 · Cited by 6
Ingrids, H. (2013) · Feminism & Psychology · doi:10.1177/0959353513515294 · Cited by 6
Language, Gender, and Sexuality
Zimman, L., & Hall, K. (2016) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/obo/9780199772810-0109 · Cited by 10
Assessing First-year Students' Ability to Critically Reflect and Build on Their Team Experiences
Tatar, N., Nguyen, K. A., & Gewirtz, C. (2015) · ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition · doi:10.18260/p.23580 · Cited by 5
Interrupting ‘the Other’ Childhood: On Social Circus in Asylum Accommodations
Löf, C. (2021) · Journal of Intercultural Studies · doi:10.1080/07256868.2021.1883568 · Cited by 5
Identifying ELF: an interdisciplinary perspective on social categories in lingua franca research
Jenks, C. J. (2022) · Journal of English as a Lingua Franca · doi:10.1515/jelf-2022-2077 · Cited by 5
Foster, E., & Kilby, L. (2023) · Feminism & Psychology · doi:10.1177/09593535231173232 · Cited by 5
Practical Hermeneutics: Noticing in Bible Study Interaction
Lehtinen, E. (2009) · Human Studies · doi:10.1007/s10746-009-9132-2 · Cited by 5
Introducing Greek Conversation Analysis
Terkourafi, M., Hadjidemetriou, C., & Vasilopoulou, A. (2010) · Journal of Greek Linguistics · doi:10.1163/156658410x531366 · Cited by 5
Hegarty, P. V., & Buechel, C. (2011) · Feminism & Psychology · doi:10.1177/0959353510370184 · Cited by 5
CA and MCA to advance diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI): A case for motivated looking
Talmy, S. (2025) · Research Methods in Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1016/j.rmal.2025.100185 · Cited by 5
Kharshiing, K. D. (2024) · Human Arenas · doi:10.1007/s42087-024-00422-5 · Cited by 4
Context, History, and Twitter Data: Some Methodological Reflections
Giles, D. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-64922-7_3 · Cited by 4
Knowing how to present yourself by knowing how to recognize false true facts
Arminen, I., & Heino, A. S. M. (2022) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2022.08.016 · Cited by 4
Stance in Talk: A Conversation Analysis of Mandarin Final Particles
Saft, S. L. (2006) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2006.01.004 · Cited by 4
Tipping the scales: talking about women in science and work-life balance
Moir, J. (2006) · Cited by 4
Thetela, P. H. (2006) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230522435_11 · Cited by 4
Chipunza, L. (2009) · Unisa Institutional Repository (University of South Africa) · Cited by 4
Könade kategoriseringar i samtal – könskonstruktioner på mikronivå i förskoleklassen
Odenbring, Y. (2013) · Norsk pedagogisk tidsskrift · doi:10.18261/issn1504-2987-2012-06-05 · Cited by 3
Adjacency Pairs as Influenced by Gender: a Case of Casual Conversation in the Public Figure
Iswara, J. W. (2019) · ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal) · doi:10.26877/eternal.v10i1.3902 · Cited by 3
Bernabéu, E. L. (2020) · Revista signos · doi:10.4067/s0718-09342020000100123 · Cited by 3
Feeling a Goodness of Fit: Children Establishing Corporeal Comfort in STEM Learning
Silvis, D., Clarke‐Midura, J., Lee, V. R., & Shumway, J. F. (2025) · Science Education · doi:10.1002/sce.21968 · Cited by 3
“What’s Wrong With That?” Legitimating and Contesting Gender Inequality
Hastie, B., & Cosh, S. (2013) · Journal of Language and Social Psychology · doi:10.1177/0261927x12473989 · Cited by 3
Porridge and misogyny: Rationalising inconspicuous misogyny in morning television shows
Ridley, A. M., Humă, B., & Walz, L. (2023) · Feminism & Psychology · doi:10.1177/09593535231197526 · Cited by 3
Mossman, T. (2012) · TESL Canada Journal · doi:10.18806/tesl.v29i0.1112 · Cited by 3
„Gut gemacht, Mädchen!“ Geschlechterdifferenz und Geschlechterungleichheit an Hochschulen
Böhringer, D. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-14999-4_24 · Cited by 3
Destabilizing Racial Discourses in Casual Talk-in-interaction
Blain, H., & Diskin‐Holdaway, C. (2022) · Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1093/applin/amac064 · Cited by 3
‘I’m just imitating the idiot’
Evaldsson, A., & Aarsand, P. A. (2023) · Research on Children and Social Interaction · doi:10.1558/rcsi.23561 · Cited by 3
Karlsson, M., & Olin‐Scheller, C. (2015) · Gender and Language · doi:10.1558/genl.v9i2.17330 · Cited by 3
Karl, U. (2011) · Forum qualitative Sozialforschung · doi:10.17169/fqs-13.1.1714 · Cited by 3
Kontio, J. (2016) · Linguistics and Education · doi:10.1016/j.linged.2016.11.003 · Cited by 3
Pütz, O. (2025) · Journal of Linguistic Anthropology · doi:10.1111/jola.70036 · Cited by 2
Saft, S. L., & Ohara, Y. (2009) · Critical Inquiry in Language Studies · doi:10.1080/15427580903115107 · Cited by 2
Verbal mobbning och normerande praktiker i flickors relationsprat
Evaldsson, A. (2009) · Educare - vetenskapliga skrifter · doi:10.24834/educare.2009.2-3.1270 · Cited by 2
Neoliberal Feminism and Media Discourses of Employed Motherhood
Yoong, M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-55544-3_4 · Cited by 2
'HEDGING' AND GENDER IN PARTICIPATORY DESIGN
Ashcroft, A. (2020) · IADIS International Conferences Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction; Game and Entertainment Technologies; and Computer Graphics, Visualization, Computer Vision and Image Processing (IHCI/GET/CGVCVIP) · doi:10.33965/ihci_get2020_202010c022 · Cited by 2
Ashcroft, A. (2021) · Australian Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (OzCHI) · doi:10.1145/3520495.3520514 · Cited by 3
Identity ambivalence and embodiment in women's accounts of the gynaecological examination
Galasiński, D., & Ziółkowska, J. (2007) · Health An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health Illness and Medicine · doi:10.1177/1363459307080864 · Cited by 2
Discourse and the reception of literature : problematising 'reader response'
Allington, D. (2008) · Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling) · Cited by 2
Sunderland, J. (2004) · Linguistics and Education · doi:10.1016/j.linged.2005.01.002 · Cited by 2
TOWARDS AN ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT ETHIC FOR THE FISHING SECTOR OF UKEREWE DISTRICT, TANZANIA
Mazigo, A. F. (2015) · SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University) · Cited by 2
'It's a metrosexual thing' : a discourse analytical examination of masculinities
Hall, M. (2014) · Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository) · Cited by 2
“You look like my 14-year-old daughter”
Wang, A. W., & Ngai, J. (2023) · Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict · doi:10.1075/jlac.00090.wan · Cited by 1
Rancew-Sikora, D., & Żadkowska, M. (2023) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2023.06.003 · Cited by 1
Garcia, A. C. (2023) · Qualitative Sociology Review · doi:10.18778/1733-8077.19.2.01 · Cited by 1
De madres a hijas, de hijas a madres: el cambio en la transmisión intergeneracional de lenguas
Esbert, J. L. (2013) · Bellaterra Journal of Teaching & Learning Language & Literature · doi:10.5565/rev/jtl3.533 · Cited by 1
Is demand the answer? An exploration of pro-poor, demand-led research
Heffernan, C., & Misturelli, F. (2011) · Livestock Science · doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2010.12.011 · Cited by 1
Singular de and its referential use in talk-in-interaction
Miltersen, E. H. (2020) · Scandinavian Studies in Language · doi:10.7146/sss.v11i2.123477 · Cited by 1
Andréasson, F., & Evaldsson, A. (2023) · Discourse Studies · doi:10.1177/14614456231158510 · Cited by 1
(Challenges to) Hegemonic Masculinity in Greek Fictional Television
Kosetzi, K. (2012) · Culture Society and Masculinities · doi:10.3149/csm.0402.107 · Cited by 1
The social deixis of gender boundaries
Kersten-Pejanić, R. (2020) · Journal of Language and Discrimination · doi:10.1558/jld.40375 · Cited by 1
Data and Analytical Approaches
Yoong, M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-55544-3_3 · Cited by 1
Gender Differences in Innovation Design
Ashcroft, A. (2020) · Australian Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (OzCHI) · doi:10.1145/3441000.3441021 · Cited by 1
Robertson, M. (2011) · John Spoor Broome Library Institutional Repository (California State University) · Cited by 1
Rape complainants on trial: Defence questioning approaches and witness emotionality
McManamon, L. P. (2014) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.17008450 · Cited by 1
A sociology of physical activity and health for young people
Wiltshire, G. (2014) · Loughborough University Research Repository (Loughborough University) · Cited by 1
Molder, H. T., & Potter, J. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511489990.013 · Cited by 1
Schmidt-Jüngst, M. (2020) · De Gruyter eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783110689402-007 · Cited by 1
Conversation Analysis: a study of institutional interaction and gender in a Russian classroom
Greene, C. T. (2009) · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta) · doi:10.7939/r3zp73 · Cited by 1
Rudaz, D. (2024) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/97fbc65bzf8baz46b9z9a0fzd8d3c0415aa2 · Cited by 1
Women, Feminism, and Aging in Appalachia
Kaye, S. (2013) · Digital Commons - East Tennessee State University (East Tennessee State University)
Developing The Personal, Dissolving The Political
Moir, J. (2008) · Abertay Research Portal (Abertay University) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.1060963
Luther, A. V. (2010) · ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)
Moffatt, L. (2011) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)
Walicek, D. E. (2007) · Journal of English Linguistics · doi:10.1177/0075424207302075
mid-life and formations of subject, subjectivity and identity.
McAvoy, J. (2009)
L'analisi della conversazione istituzionale: applicazioni e prospettive
Macaluso, M. (2015) · RIVISTA TRIMESTRALE DI SCIENZA DELL AMMINISTRAZIONE · doi:10.3280/sa2015-003005
Ergül, H. (2015) · DergiPark (Istanbul University)
Nkwake, A. M. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4797-9_6
Negotiation and Egalitarianism in the Sexual Division of Labour
Garcia, R. J. (2015) · White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)
Robles, J. S. (2011) · CU Scholar (University of Colorado Boulder)
Molder, H. T., & Potter, J. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511489990.001
A CA versus a CDA Approach to Cross-Gender Talk-in-Interaction
Dimulescu, C. (2009) · Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov Series IV Philology and Cultural Studies
Benwell, B. (2006)
Studying dilemmas in gender-neutral discourse
Moir, J. (2009)
"Εμφύλιες" αψιμαχίες: Τα γλωσσικά όρια του πολιτισμικά διανοήσιμου υπό διαπραγμάτευση
Αντωνιάδης, Π. (2017) · Aegean Working Papers in Ethnographic Linguistics · doi:10.12681/awpel.14418
Χριστουλάκη, Δ.-Ν. (2017) · Aegean Working Papers in Ethnographic Linguistics · doi:10.12681/awpel.14416
Metadata
- Authors
- STOKOE, E. H., & SMITHSON, J.
- Affiliations
- UNIVERSITY COLLEGE WORCESTER
- Manchester Metropolitan University (GB)
- Venue
- Discourse & Society
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2001-03
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 217-244
- ISSN
- 0957-9265 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-3624
- OpenAlex
- W2170216584
- Cited by
- 214
- References
- 106
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 85.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Discourse & Society (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Studies in Language
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Keywords
- gender and language, conversation analysis, feminist discourse analysis, gender categories, commonsense knowledge
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review