Extreme weight control behaviors among adolescent athletes: links with weight-related maltreatment from parents and coaches and sport ethic norms
Open accessAbstract
The use of extreme weight-control behaviors is prevalent among adolescent athletes and may result from individual and sport-specific factors. Weight-related maltreatment from coaches and parents, and conformity to sport ethic norms have recently been linked to the use of extreme weight-control behaviors. This study aims to investigate the role of sport ethic norms and weight-related maltreatment from coaches and parents in the use of extreme weight-control behaviors among adolescent athletes. A sample of 999 French-Canadian athletes aged 14–17 years competing in a variety of sports completed an online survey assessing extreme weight-control behaviors, weight-related maltreatment from coaches and parents, and conformity to sport ethic norms. A total of 16.9% of the adolescent athletes reported having adopted extreme weight-control behaviors during their athletic careers. Extreme weight-control behaviors were significantly more prevalent among girls (19.75% vs 9.7% in boys) and weight-class-sport athletes (44%). In addition, 7.4% of the sample experienced at least one type of weight-related maltreatment by coaches or parents. Sex, weight-related neglect by coaches and parents, and weight-related psychological violence by coaches explained 24.4% of extreme weight-control behaviors variance. Indeed, participants who engaged in extreme weight-control behaviors experienced significantly more violence than the other participants did. In contrast, no differences were observed between people who engaged in extreme weight-control behaviors and those who did not due to conformity to sport ethic norms.
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Many sports have engrained cultures where coaches and members of the athlete health and performance team exert subtle to extreme pressure on athletes to regulate body weight and composition.
“Many sports have engrained cultures where coaches and members of the athlete health and performance team exert subtle to extreme pressure on athletes to regulate body weight and composition.131 134”
From 2023 international olympic committee's (IOC) consensus statement on relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) (2023) · cites this paper as [134]
The section on weight-related maltreatment reports coach pressure to lose weight and describes a sports culture emphasizing weight and shape. The Discussion also addresses subtle forms of weight-related maltreatment. The paper discusses coaches and parents, but does not establish that members of an athlete health and performance team exert this pressure. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Boudreault, V., Gagnon-Girouard, M.-P., Carbonneau, N., Labossière, S., Bégin, C., & Parent, S.
- Affiliations
- Université de Sherbrooke (CA)
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (CA)
- Université Laval (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Boudreault, Véronique
- Venue
- International Review for the Sociology of Sport
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2021-05-26
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 421-439
- ISSN
- 1012-6902 (ISSN-L)
- 1461-7218
- PMC
- PMC8928425
- OpenAlex
- W3167247995
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 4.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Review for the Sociology of Sport (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- ministère de l’Éducation et de l’Enseignement supérieur du Québec (104153)
- Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (108560)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sports, Gender, and Society
- Keywords
- youth athletes, parental pressure, weight-class sports, sex differences, psychological violence
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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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