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Comparison of anticoagulant rodenticide concentrations in liver and feces from apparently healthy red foxes
Abstract
Exposure of wildlife and domestic animals to anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) is a worldwide concern, but few methods exist to determine residue levels in live animals. Traditional liver detection methods preclude determining exposure in live wildlife. To determine the value of assessing AR exposure by fecal analysis, we compared fecal and liver residues of ARs in the same animals. We collected liver and fecal samples from 40 apparently healthy red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes) potentially exposed to ARs, and quantified brodifacoum, bromadiolone, coumatetralyl, difenacoum, difethialone, and flocoumafen residues by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Residues of ARs were detected in 53% of the fecal samples and 83% of the liver samples. We found good concordance between AR residues in feces and liver for coumatetralyl, difenacoum, and difethialone. Bromadiolone occurred in significantly greater frequency in livers compared to feces, but no significant difference in concentration between feces and liver in individual foxes could be detected. Brodifacoum displayed a significant difference in concentration and occurrence of positive samples between liver and feces. Our findings demonstrate that fecal analysis of ARs provides a feasible and valuable non-lethal means of determine AR exposure in live wildlife.
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In the citing paper
“where brodifa coum was the most common AR, with a 80 and 45.6 % prevalence, respectively”
From Exposure assessment of anticoagulant rodenticides in the liver of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Slovenia (2024) · cites this paper as Seljetun et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“is not a local problem, but a nationwide and regional one in the Western Balkans”
From Exposure assessment of anticoagulant rodenticides in the liver of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Slovenia (2024) · cites this paper as Seljetun et al., 2020
In the citing paper
“In our study this level was exceeded in two animals out of 148, having bromadiolone concentra tions at a maximum of 2639 ng/g, far above the highest levels reported in other monitoring studies with red foxes”
From Exposure assessment of anticoagulant rodenticides in the liver of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Slovenia (2024) · cites this paper as Seljetun et al., 2020
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Research works printed but not linked: 21
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Cited by
Cerkvenik-Flajs, V., Schenke, D., Žele-Vengušt, D., Korenjak-Černe, S., Perpar, A., & Vengušt, G. (2024) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170400 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Seljetun, K. O., Sandvik, M., Vindenes, V., Eliassen, E., Øiestad, E. L., Madslien, K., & Moe, L.
- Affiliations
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Oslo, Norway (Seljetun, Moe)
- Venue
- Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2020-06-01
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 560-564
- ISSN
- 1040-6387
- 1943-4936
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
- Licence
- journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
- Funders
- The Norwegian Environment Agency (19S45D8A)
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- Seljetun, K. O., Sandvik, M., Vindenes, V., Eliassen, E., Øiestad, E. L., Madslien, K., & Moe, L. (2020). Comparison of anticoagulant rodenticide concentrations in liver and feces from apparently healthy red foxes. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638720927365
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