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Smoking and Periodontal Disease
Abstract
Numerous investigations of the relationship between smoking and periodontal disease have been performed over the last 15 years, and there now exists a substantial body of literature upon which this current review is based. From both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, there appears to be strong epidemiological evidence that smoking confers a considerably increased risk of periodontal disease. This evidence is further supported by the data emanating from patients who stop smoking. These patients have levels of risk similar to those of non-smokers. Numerous studies of the potential mechanisms whereby smoking tobacco may predispose to periodontal disease have been conducted, and it appears that smoking may affect the vasculature, the humoral immune system, and the cellular immune and inflammatory systems, and have effects throughout the cytokine and adhesion molecule network. The aim of this review is to consider the evidence for the association between smoking and periodontal diseases and to highlight the biological mechanisms whereby smoking may affect the periodontium.
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Citations
Cited by
Kinane, D. F., Stathopoulou, P. G., & Papapanou, P. N. (2017) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.38 · Cited by 2,724
Self-citationOral health risks of tobacco use and effects of cessation
Warnakulasuriya, S., Dietrich, T., Bornstein, M. M., Peidró, E. C., Preshaw, P. M., Walter, C., Wennström, J. L., & Bergström, J. (2010) · International Dental Journal · doi:10.1016/s0020-6539(20)34036-3 · Cited by 393
The impact of cigarette smoking on periodontal disease and treatment
Johnson, G. K., & Guthmiller, J. M. (2007) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2007.00212.x · Cited by 364
Periodontitis in RA—the citrullinated enolase connection
Lundberg, K., Wegner, N., Yucel-Lindberg, T., & Venables, P. J. (2010) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2010.139 · Cited by 344
Pain, nicotine, and smoking: Research findings and mechanistic considerations.
Ditre, J. W., Brandon, T. H., Zale, E. L., & Meagher, M. M. (2011) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0025544 · Cited by 342
Metadata
- Authors
- Kinane, D. F., & Chestnutt, I. G.
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2000-07
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 356-365
- ISSN
- 1045-4411 (ISSN-L)
- 1544-1113
- OpenAlex
- W2142952677
- Cited by
- 354
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 8.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Kinane, D. F., & Chestnutt, I. G. (2000). Smoking and Periodontal Disease. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1177/10454411000110030501
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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