The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An Ontology for Strongly Sustainable Business Models: Defining an Enterprise Framework Compatible With Natural and Social Science
Open accessAbstract
Business is increasingly employing sustainability practices, aiming to improve environmental and social responsibility while maintaining and improving profitability. For many organizations, profit-oriented business models are a major constraint impeding progress in sustainability. A formally defined ontology, a model definition, for profit-oriented business models has been employed globally for several years. However, no equivalent ontology is available in research or practice that enables the description of strongly sustainable business models, as validated by ecological economics and derived from natural, social, and system sciences. We present a framework of strongly sustainable business model propositions and principles as findings from a transdisciplinary review of the literature. A comparative analysis was performed between the framework and the Osterwalder profit-oriented ontology for business models. We introduce an ontology that enables the description of successful strongly sustainable business models that resolves weaknesses and includes functionally necessary relationships.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Planetary Boundaries: Exploring the Safe Operating Space for Humanity
Rockström, J., Steffen, W., Noone, K., Persson, Å., Chapin, F. S. I., Lambin, E., Lenton, T. M., Scheffer, M., Folke, C., Schellnhuber, H. J., et al. (2009) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-03180-140232 · Cited by 7,187
The Stakeholder Theory of the Corporation: Concepts, Evidence, and Implications
Donaldson, T., & Preston, L. E. (1995) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258887 · Cited by 5,846
The business model: Recent developments and future research
Zott, C., Amit, R., & Massa, L. (2011) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206311406265 · Cited by 4,790
Crutzen, P. J. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/415023a · Cited by 4,788
The entity-relationship model—toward a unified view of data
Chen, P. P.-S. (1976) · ACM Transactions on Database Systems · doi:10.1145/320434.320440 · Cited by 4,708
Business model innovation: Opportunities and barriers
Chesbrough, H. (2010) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2009.07.010 · Cited by 3,850
Business models for sustainable innovation: state-of-the-art and steps towards a research agenda
Boons, F., & Lüdeke-Freund, F. (2013) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.07.007 · Cited by 2,469
Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing
Fredrickson, B. L., & Losada, M. F. (2005) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.60.7.678 · Cited by 2,334 · cited 3×
“Based on a sociological and human sciences conception of value and human values (Fredrickson & Losada, 2005; Latour, 2013; Max-Neef, Elizalde, & Hopenhayn, 1991; Tay & Diener, 2011), a socially responsive understanding of value is defined, reconsidering the processes of value creation and…”
BackgroundPorter, M. E. (1991) · Scientific American · doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0491-168 · Cited by 1,540
Developing a unified framework of the business model concept
Al-Debei, M. M., & Avison, D. (2010) · European Journal of Information Systems · doi:10.1057/ejis.2010.21 · Cited by 879
Cited by
Business model innovation for circular economy and sustainability: A review of approaches
Pieroni, M. P. P., McAloone, T. C., & Pigosso, D. C. A. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.036 · Cited by 1,143
A Stakeholder Theory Perspective on Business Models: Value Creation for Sustainability
Freudenreich, B., Lüdeke-Freund, F., & Schaltegger, S. (2020) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-019-04112-z · Cited by 995
Do circular economy business models capture intended environmental value propositions?
Manninen, K., Koskela, S., Antikainen, R., Bocken, N., Dahlbo, H., & Aminoff, A. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.003 · Cited by 488
Lüdeke‐Freund, F. (2020) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.2396 · Cited by 502
Sustainable business model research and practice: Emerging field or passing fancy?
Lüdeke-Freund, F., & Dembek, K. (2017) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.093 · Cited by 368
Metadata
- Authors
- Upward, A., & Jones, P.
- Venue
- Organization & Environment
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2015-07-27
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 97-123
- ISSN
- 1086-0266 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-7417
- OpenAlex
- W2149296970
- Cited by
- 512
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 83.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: An Ontology for Strongly Sustainable Business Models: Defining an Enterprise Framework Compatible With Natural and Social Science. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/1086026615592933
- The paper
- Upward, A., & Jones, P. (2016). An Ontology for Strongly Sustainable Business Models: Defining an Enterprise Framework Compatible With Natural and Social Science. Organization & Environment. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026615592933
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.