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The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA): Logic and Methodology of “Necessary but Not Sufficient” Causality

Open access
Dul, Jan·2016·Organizational Research Methods
DOI 10.1177/1094428115584005
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Abstract

Theoretical “necessary but not sufficient” statements are common in the organizational sciences. Traditional data analyses approaches (e.g., correlation or multiple regression) are not appropriate for testing or inducing such statements. This article proposes necessary condition analysis (NCA) as a general and straightforward methodology for identifying necessary conditions in data sets. The article presents the logic and methodology of necessary but not sufficient contributions of organizational determinants (e.g., events, characteristics, resources, efforts) to a desired outcome (e.g., good performance). A necessary determinant must be present for achieving an outcome, but its presence is not sufficient to obtain that outcome. Without the necessary condition, there is guaranteed failure, which cannot be compensated by other determinants of the outcome. This logic and its related methodology are fundamentally different from the traditional sufficiency-based logic and methodology. Practical recommendations and free software are offered to support researchers to apply NCA.

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Cites

Show all 71 references

Research works printed but not linked: 24

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Metadata

Authors
Dul, J.
Venue
Organizational Research Methods
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2015-07-15
Volume
19
Issue
1
Pages
10-52
ISSN
  • 1094-4281 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-7425
DOI
10.1177/1094428115584005
OpenAlex
W2158296862
Cited by
1,360
References
71
FWCI
57.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)

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Dul, J. (2016). Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA): Logic and Methodology of “Necessary but Not Sufficient” Causality. Organizational Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428115584005

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