The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
School-based Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy Group Intervention for Refugee Children who have Experienced War-related Trauma
Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a school-based group intervention designed for children who have experienced trauma. Twenty-six children (aged 11-15 years) who were refugees or asylum-seekers from war-affected countries participated. The manual-based intervention consisted of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) techniques and was implemented within secondary schools. The treatment group ( n = 15) received six sessions of group CBT over a 6-week period, while the control group ( n = 11) were placed on a waiting list for 6 weeks and then invited to enter treatment. Children in the CBT group showed statistically significant, but clinically modest improvements following the intervention, with decreases in overall severity of post-traumatic stress symptoms. Significant improvements were also found in overall behavioural difficulties and emotional symptoms. Children in the waiting list control group did not show any improvements over the same period. However, follow-up data, which were only available for a small subset of eight children, suggest that gains in the CBT group were not maintained at 2-month follow-up.
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In the citing paper
“Group CBT appeared to result in a significant decrease in overall PTSD symptoms severity and intrusive PTSD symptoms.”
From Examining cognitive behavioral therapy interventions for unaccompanied minors: a systematic review and qualitative research synthesis. (2025) · cites this paper as [63]
In the citing paper
“Unfortunately, these improvements were not maintained at 2-month follow-up [63].”
From Examining cognitive behavioral therapy interventions for unaccompanied minors: a systematic review and qualitative research synthesis. (2025) · cites this paper as [63]
In the citing paper
“Three studies (16.7%) examined CBT in UM [63–65].”
From Examining cognitive behavioral therapy interventions for unaccompanied minors: a systematic review and qualitative research synthesis. (2025) · cites this paper as [63]
In the citing paper
“UM also appeared to improve with regards to behavior and emotional difficulties [63].”
From Examining cognitive behavioral therapy interventions for unaccompanied minors: a systematic review and qualitative research synthesis. (2025) · cites this paper as [63]
In the citing paper
“In addition, only seven studies (38.9%) included follow-up assessments in their study designs limiting the evidence regarding long-term benefits of the interventions [60, 61, 63, 67, 68, 73, 78].”
From Examining cognitive behavioral therapy interventions for unaccompanied minors: a systematic review and qualitative research synthesis. (2025) · cites this paper as [63]
In the citing paper
“Additionally, excluding UM who do not speak the language of the host country, also prevents a great number of UM from receiving support [63, 69, 70, 73, 75].”
From Examining cognitive behavioral therapy interventions for unaccompanied minors: a systematic review and qualitative research synthesis. (2025) · cites this paper as [63]
Citations
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Foa, E. B., & Meadows, E. A. (1997) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.48.1.449 · Cited by 712
The Psychiatric Effects of Massive Trauma on Cambodian Children: I. The Children
Kinzie, J. D., Sack, W. H., Angell, R. H., Manson, S. M., & Ben, R. (1986) · Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0002-7138(09)60259-4 · Cited by 444
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Perron, N. C. D. (2016) · The SAGE Encyclopedia of Marriage, Family, and Couples Counseling · doi:10.4135/9781483369532.n385 · Cited by 371
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Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Smith, P., 2000, Children and war: Teaching recovery techniques
- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), 2003, Refugees by numbers
- World Health Organisation, 1992, The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders
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van Ginneken, N., Tharyan, P., Lewin, S., Rao, G. N., Meera, S., Pian, J., Chandrashekar, S., & Patel, V. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009149.pub2 · Cited by 575
Barry, M. M., Clarke, A. M., Jenkins, R., & Patel, V. (2013) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-835 · Cited by 569
Ehntholt, K. A., & Yule, W. (2006) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01638.x · Cited by 524
Self-citationTrauma-Informed Practices in Schools Across Two Decades: An Interdisciplinary Review of Research
Thomas, M. S., Crosby, S., & Vanderhaar, J. (2019) · Review of Research in Education · doi:10.3102/0091732x18821123 · Cited by 483
“…natural disasters, violence, and disenfranchisement (Acevedo & Hernandez-Wolfe, 2014; Baum et al., 2013; Berger et al., 2007; Brody & Cohen, 2012; Ehntholt et al., 2005; Morgan, Pendergast, Brown, & Heck, 2015; Mutch & Gawith, 2014; Rønholt, Karsberg, & Elklit, 2013; Wolmer, Laor, Dedeoglu,…”
Tyrer, R. A., & Fazel, M. S. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0089359 · Cited by 461
“027) as measured by the SDQ Ehntholt, 2005[12] CBT Emotional problems: Decrease in emotional problems (p = .”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Ehntholt, K. A., Smith, P. A., & Yule, W.
- Affiliations
- Maudsley Hospital (GB)
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Venue
- Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 235-250
- ISSN
- 1359-1045 (ISSN-L)
- 1461-7021
- OpenAlex
- W2070171994
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 76 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 6.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Therapy and Development
- Keywords
- cognitive behavioral therapy, group intervention, refugee children, asylum seekers, war trauma, posttraumatic stress symptoms, school-based intervention, high school students, emotional symptoms, behavioral problems, maintenance therapy, waitlist control
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