Feminist activists discuss practices of monetisation: Digital feminist activism, neoliberalism and subjectivity
Open accessAbstract
This article explores the politics of ‘freelance feminism’ by drawing on 30 qualitative in-depth interviews with digital feminist activists. By documenting and analysing the different ways in which digital feminist activism can be monetised, the article shows that the potential to generate income is frequently discussed by, and contemplated among, activists. As this article argues, the monetisation of digital feminist activism goes beyond the application of market principles to political protest movements. When activism is monetised, activists’ emotional investments and passion become mobilised and tied to income generation. At the same time, and through emphases on self-branding and ‘authenticity’, activists’ selves are formed and rearranged in line with neoliberal values of entrepreneurialism and market competition. This article therefore shows that the workings of neoliberalism in digital feminist activism play out on an economic level, and also on the levels of affect and subjectivity.
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Cites
(Not) Getting Paid to Do What You Love: Gender, Social Media, and Aspirational Work
Duffy, B. E. (2017) · Yale University Press · doi:10.12987/yale/9780300218176.001.0001 · Cited by 931 · cited 5× · see citing works
“(Olga, white/Migrationshintergrund, lower middle-class) The references to ‘passion’ are striking and reminiscent of how cultural workers (McRobbie, 2016) as well as content creators (Duffy, 2017) describe their work.”
BackgroundInfluentialJackson, S. J., Bailey, M., & Foucault Welles, B. (2020) · MIT Press · doi:10.7551/mitpress/10858.001.0001 · Cited by 634 · cited 7× · see citing works
“While some activists, such as Olga and Sarah, used branding for the feminist collectives they had set up, many talked about themselves as being the brand that their activism promoted.”
BackgroundInfluentialSteele, C. K. (2021) · NYU Press · doi:10.18574/nyu/9781479808373.001.0001 · Cited by 212 · cited 5× · see citing works
“…pointed out, ‘digital activism constitutes a paradigm shift within feminist protest culture’ (p. 18) and there is now a sizable body of research in feminist media studies, which highlights the benefits and pitfalls of such activism (e.g. Jackson et al., 2020; Mendes et al., 2019; Steele, 2021).”
BackgroundInfluentialWoke? Affect, Neoliberalism, Marginalised Identities and Consumer Culture
Kanai, A., & Gill, R. (2020) · New Formations · doi:10.3898/newf:102.01.2020 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
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Zhang, M., Zhang, C., & Liu, Y. (2024) · Communication, Culture & Critique · doi:10.1093/ccc/tcae014 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Scharff, C.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Scharff, Christina
- ORCID
- Scharff, Christina
- Venue
- European Journal of Cultural Studies
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2023-08-05
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 408-423
- ISSN
- 1367-5494 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-3551
- OpenAlex
- W4385601941
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6
- FWCI
- 7.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Journal of Cultural Studies (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- British Academy (MD20\200016)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender, Feminism, and Media
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Feminist Theory and Gender Studies
- Social Sciences › Communication › Social Media and Politics
- Keywords
- digital feminist activism, neoliberalism, subjectivity, affect, personal branding, authenticity, income generation, entrepreneurship, market competition, emotional investment
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