College Women’s Experiences of Sexual Coercion: A Review of Cultural, Perpetrator, Victim, and Situational Variables

Adams-Curtis and Forbes (2004) found risk factors for sexual coercion are consistent.

“risk factors are consistent”

Adams-Curtis and Forbes (2004) found perpetrators or victims inaccurately label some types of coercive behavior.

“perpetrators or victims inaccurately label some types of coercive behavior”

Adams-Curtis and Forbes (2004) found rigid gender roles and traditional sexual scripts are major contributors to sexual coercion.

“rigid gender roles and traditional sexual scripts are major contributors to sexual coercion”

Since the late 1950s, researchers have linked fraternity membership with sexual aggression, though Adams-Curtis and Forbes (2004) found conflicting evidence dating back to rigorous studies in the 1990s.

“Since the late 1950s, researchers have linked fraternity membership with sexual aggression, though Adams-Curtis and Forbes (2004) found conflicting evidence dating back to rigorous studies in the 1990s.”

Adams-Curtis and Forbes (2004) found incidence of sexual coercion has not changed in the past 50 years.

“Adams-Curtis and Forbes (2004) found incidence of sexual coercion has not changed in the past 50 years”

Adams-Curtis and Forbes posited a contributor to ambiguity is differences among fraternities, which existed within and between campuses and was seldom considered in research.

“Further, they posited a contributor to this ambiguity is differences among fraternities, which they noted existed within and between campuses and was seldom considered in research.”

The review found that when variables such as masculine culture and peer norms as well as high-and low-risk perceived environments were controlled, members often were not differentiated from nonmembers on sexual aggression measures.

“When variables such as masculine culture and peer norms (Adams-Curtis & Forbes, 2004) as well as high-and low-risk perceived environments (Humphrey & Kahn, 2000) were controlled, members often were not differentiated from nonmembers on sexual aggression measures.”

Young et al. (2005) describe competition for women with men for esteem, particularly regarding alcohol use.

“Young , Morales, McCabe, Boyd, and D'arcy (2005) describe competition for women with men for esteem, particularly regarding alcohol use, that has reinforcement in other literature toward perfectionism, attire and other forms of demonstrating effort, a lack of acknowledgement of themselves as sexual assault victims, and self-objectification (Adams-Curtis & Forbes, 2004;Moynihan & Banyard, 2008).”