Reasons for the utilization of the services of traditional birth attendants during childbirth: A qualitative study in Northern Ghana
Open accessAbstract
Background: Skilled delivery reduces maternal and neonatal mortality. Ghana has put in place measures to reduce geographical and financial access to skilled delivery. Despite this, about 30% of deliveries still occur either at home or are conducted by traditional birth attendants. We, therefore, conducted this study to explore the reasons for the utilization of the services of traditional birth attendants despite the availability of health facilities. Method: Using a phenomenology study design, we selected 31 women who delivered at facilities of four traditional birth attendants in the Northern region of Ghana. Purposive sampling was used to recruit only women who were resident at a place with a health facility for an in-depth interview. The interviews were recorded and transcribed into Microsoft word document. The transcripts were imported into NVivo 12 for thematic analyses. Results: The study found that quality of care was the main driver for traditional birth attendant delivery services. Poor attitude of midwives, maltreatment, and fear of caesarean section were barriers to skilled delivery. Community norms dictate that womanhood is linked to vaginal delivery and women who deliver through caesarean section do not receive the same level of respect. Traditional birth attendants were believed to be more experienced and understand the psychosocial needs of women during childbirth, unlike younger midwives. Furthermore, the inability of women to procure all items required for delivery at biomedical facilities emerged as push factors for traditional birth attendant delivery services. Preference for squatting position during childbirth and social support provided to mothers by traditional birth attendants are also an essential consideration for the use of their services. Conclusion: The study concludes that health managers should go beyond reducing financial and geographical access to improving quality of care and the birth experience of women. These are necessary to complement the efforts at increasing the availability of health facilities and free delivery services.
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Only 37.4% of women who died had received skilled assistance during delivery.
“Additionally, only 37.4% of the women who died had received skilled assistance during delivery [5].”
From A scoping review of the residual barriers to skilled birth attendance in Ghana: A conceptual framework and a fish bone analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [5]
The Background reports that 38.4% of maternal deaths in a secondary analysis of the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey utilized skilled birth attendance during delivery, not 37.4%. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe vast majority (98%) of maternal deaths in the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey occurred in women who had attended less than four antenatal care visits.
“The findings of the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey indicated that the vast majority (98%) of maternal deaths occurred in women who had attended less than four antenatal care (ANC) visits.”
From A scoping review of the residual barriers to skilled birth attendance in Ghana: A conceptual framework and a fish bone analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [5]
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- Authors
- Tabong, P. T.-N., Kyilleh, J. M., & Amoah, W. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Ghana (GH)
- Nursing and Midwifery Training College, Tamale, Ghana
- Catholic University College of Ghana (GH)
- Corresponding author
- Tabong, Philip Teg-Nefaah
- Venue
- Women's Health
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2021-01
- Volume
- 17
- Pages
- 17455065211002483-17455065211002483
- ISSN
- 1745-5057 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-5065
- PMC
- PMC7983476
- OpenAlex
- W3136471362
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 4.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Women s Health (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Keywords
- traditional birth attendants, skilled birth attendance, home birth, quality of care, midwife attitudes, cesarean section, community norms, vaginal delivery, social support, squatting position, childbirth experience, Northern Ghana
- MeSH terms
- Cesarean Section, Female, Ghana, Humans, Maternal Health Services, Midwifery, Pregnancy, Qualitative Research
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