Bracketing in qualitative research: Conceptual and practical matters

Fischer, Constance T.

doi:10.1080/10503300902798375

Cited by 467Qualitative Research Methods and EthicsQualitative Research Methods and ApplicationsPhenomenology and Existential Philosophy

Bracketing in qualitative research: Conceptual and practical matters

Fischer, Constance T.·2009·Psychotherapy Research

DOI 10.1080/10503300902798375

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Abstract

Bracketing is presented as two forms of researcher engagement: with data and with evolving findings. The first form is the well-known identification and temporary setting aside of the researcher's assumptions. The second engagement is the hermeneutic revisiting of data and of one's evolving comprehension of it in light of a revised understanding of any aspect of the topic. Both of these processes are ongoing, and they include the careful development of language with which to represent findings. Extensive everyday examples of bracketing and of interviewing are presented. As a form of disclosure in qualitative research, the background from which this article was written is shared. At that point, Husserl's and Heidegger's historical introductions of bracketing are presented briefly, followed by a discussion of reflexivity and hermeneutics. The article closes with warnings of how residual positivism can work against qualitative rigor and with a suggested qualitative research study on bracketing.

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Bracketing was used during data collection and interpretation to set aside assumptions, vested interests and personal beliefs stemming from prior experience and knowledge of authors who work with IBD populations.
“Bracketing was used during data collection and interpretation to set aside assumptions, vested interests and personal beliefs stemming from prior experience and knowledge of authors who work with IBD populations; both in research and tertiary healthcare systems (Fischer, 2009).”
From Moving Towards Acceptance and Values: A Qualitative Study of ACTforIBD Compared to IBD Psychoeducation (2024) · cites this paper as Fischer, 2009

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Authors: Fischer, C. T.
Affiliations: Duquesne University (US)
Corresponding author: Fischer, Constance T.
Venue: Psychotherapy Research
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2009-07
Volume: 19
Issue: 4-5
Pages: 583-590
ISSN: 1050-3307 (ISSN-L)
1468-4381
DOI: 10.1080/10503300902798375
OpenAlex: W2109324538
Cited by: 467
References: 18
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 19.32
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychotherapy Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Research Methods and Ethics
Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy
Keywords: bracketing, researcher assumptions, hermeneutics, reflexivity, qualitative research rigor, Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger
MeSH terms: Humans, Psychology

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