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Cited by 22Reading and Literacy DevelopmentNarrative Theory and AnalysisNeurobiology of Language and Bilingualism

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Processing real-world violations embedded within a fantasy-world narrative

Walsh, Erinn K, Cook, Anne E, O’Brien, Edward J·2018·Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
DOI 10.1177/1747021817740836
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Abstract

Fantasy-text is a genre in which events routinely violate rules we know to be true in the real world. In four experiments, we explored the inherent contradiction between unrealistic fictional events and general world knowledge (GWK) to examine these competing information sources within the context of an extended fantasy-narrative. Experiments 1a and 1b demonstrated that fantasy-unrelated inconsistencies caused disruption to comprehension despite an abundance of contextual support for real-world impossible events that violate GWK. Experiment 2a demonstrated that fantasy-related inconsistencies caused disruption when they occurred at the local level and the fantasy-context stood in direct opposition to the target sentence. However, Experiment 2b demonstrated that disruption can be initially eliminated when readers encountered fantasy-related violations at the global level, but delayed-processing difficulty occurred on the spillover sentence, downstream of the target sentence. All four experiments are discussed within the context of the RI-Val model.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

  • Stories in Action.

    Walsh, J., Vaida, N., Coman, A., & Fiske, S. T. (2022) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1177/15291006231161337 · Cited by 26

    “To illustrate, in one study, the protagonist in a story was described as lacking the ability to turn invisible but then disappeared (Walsh et al., 2018).”
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Metadata

Authors
Walsh, E. K., Cook, A. E., & O’Brien, E. J.
Affiliations
  • University of New Hampshire (US)
  • University of Utah (US)
Corresponding author
Walsh, Erinn K
ORCID
Cook, Anne E
Venue
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2018-01-01
Volume
71
Issue
11
Pages
2282-2294
ISSN
  • 0033-555X (ISSN-L)
  • 1747-0218
  • 1747-0226
DOI
10.1177/1747021817740836
OpenAlex
W2781548518
Cited by
22
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3
FWCI
5.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Narrative Theory and Analysis
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
Keywords
fantasy fiction, narrative comprehension, world knowledge, reading comprehension, spillover effects
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Concept Formation, Fantasy, Female, Humans, Male, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Reading, Time Factors, Comprehension, Narration, Young Adult

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Processing real-world violations embedded within a fantasy-world narrative. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/1747021817740836
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Walsh, E. K., Cook, A. E., & O’Brien, E. J. (2018). Processing real-world violations embedded within a fantasy-world narrative. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021817740836