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Cited by 96Intramuscular injections and effectsDiabetes Management and ResearchAdvancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery

Impact of a modified needle tip geometry on penetration force as well as acceptability, preference and perceived pain in subjects with diabetes

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Hirsch, Laurence, Gibney, Michael, Berube, Julie, Manocchio, John·2012·Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
DOI 10.1177/193229681200600216PMC PMC3380774
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Abstract

Background: Multiple factors impact subcutaneous insulin injection pain. Injection devices [e.g., syringe or pen needle (PN)] affect pain due to needle length, diameter, needle polishing and lubrication, and needle tip geometry. Methods: We evaluated a modified 5-bevel PN tip in 32 G × 4 mm 31 G × 5 mm and 8 mm PNs vs the equivalent marketed 3-bevel PNs in laboratory penetration force testing, as well as in insulin-taking subjects for overall acceptability, comparative pain, and preference. The clinical tests were done in three ways: Paired insertions with the subjects blinded to PN tip geometry, after brief at-home use of 5-bevel PNs, and again with subjects informed about each needle's tip geometry in paired insertions. Results: Average penetration force in a skin substitute was 23% lower with the 5-bevel PNs vs similar 3-bevel PNs ( p ≤ 0.01). In blinded testing and after at-home use, patients rated the 5-bevel needle as acceptable. After short-term home use, patients rated the 5-bevel PN less painful and preferable to their usual PN (both p < 0.01). In paired, informed testing, the 5-bevel PN was less painful and preferred to subjects' currently used needles ( p ≤ 0.01) and to other marketed PNs ( p < 0.01). Conclusions: Needle tip geometry affects penetration force. When blinded, patients did not distinguish differences in PN tip geometry with fine-gauge PN insertions. A 5-bevel needle tip is perceived as less painful and is preferred by subjects following home use for usual injections. Similar results occurred when patients were informed that they were using a needle with a modified tip.

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Crossref · 10.1177/193229681200600216

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [6]6. DiMaio S. P., Salcudean S. E. (2003) Needle Insertion Modeling and Simulation. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation . 19 (5), 864-875. https://doi.org/10. 1109/tra.2003.817044.
  2. [7]7. Hirsch L., Gibney M., Berube J., Manocchio J. (2012) Impact of a Modifed Needle Tip Geometry on Penetration Force as Well as Acceptability, Preference, and Perceived Pain in Subjects with Diabetes. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 6 (2), 328-335. https://doi. org/10.1177/193229681200600216.

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Authors
Hirsch, L., Gibney, M., Berube, J., & Manocchio, J.
Affiliations
  • Becton Dickinson (United States) (US)
  • BD (Becton, Dickinson and Company), Franklin Lakes, New Jersey
Corresponding author
Hirsch, Laurence
ORCID
Hirsch, Laurence
Venue
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2012-03
Volume
6
Issue
2
Pages
328-335
ISSN
1932-2968 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1177/193229681200600216
PMC
PMC3380774
OpenAlex
W2117648045
Semantic Scholar
8c594295317c11c8fefbe059593d154526851337
Cited by
96
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
FWCI
5.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Intramuscular injections and effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
Keywords
insulin pen needles, penetration force, injection pain, diabetes mellitus, patient acceptability, patient preferences, subcutaneous insulin injection
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Equipment Design, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Injections, Subcutaneous, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Needles, New Jersey, Pain, Pain Measurement, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Drug Delivery Systems, Patient Satisfaction, Pain Threshold, Young Adult, Patient Preference, Pain Perception

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