Cited by 72Technology Use by Older AdultsGeriatric Care and Nursing HomesVirtual Reality Applications and Impacts

Virtual reality and well-being in older adults: Results from a pilot implementation of virtual reality in long-term care

Open access
Chaze, Ferzana, Hayden, Leigh, Azevedo, Andrea, Kamath, Ashwin, Bucko, Destanee, Kashlan, Yara, Dube, Mireille, De Paula, Jacqueline +5 more·2022·Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering

Abstract

Introduction: This paper describes the findings of a pilot implementation project that explored the potential of virtual reality (VR) technology in recreational programming to support the well-being of older adults in long-term care (LTC) homes. Methods: 32 Adults in four LTC homes participated in a pilot implementation project where they viewed VR experiences of popular locations in Canada created especially for this project. Data in this paper are based on multiple viewing experiences ( n = 102) over a two-week period. Results: VR appeared to be an effective distraction from pain for the participants. Participants of this study found the VR experiences to be enjoyable and were relaxed and happy while viewing them. Most participants were attentive or focused while viewing the VR experiences, and the experiences were found to be a source of reminiscence for some of the participants. Participants related well to others around them during a majority of the experiences and the VR experiences were a point of conversation between the staff and the participants. Conclusion: The findings from this pilot implementation reveal that VR shows potential to enhance the physical, emotional, cognitive, and social well-being of older adults living in LTC, including those living with cognitive impairment.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1177/20556683211072384

Cites

4 of 4 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 28

  1. [2]Chesler J McLaren S Klein B, et al. The effects of playing nintendo wii on depression, sense of belonging and social support in Australian aged care residents: a protocol study of a mixed methods intervention trial. BMC Geriatr 2015; 15: 106. 26336883 PMC4559872
  2. [3]Arlati S Colombo V Spoladore D, et al. A social virtual reality-based application for the physical and cognitive training of the elderly at home. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19: 261. PMC6359717 30634719
  3. [5]Garner R Tanuseputro P Manuel DG, et al. Transitions to long-term and residential care among older Canadians. Health Rep 2018; 29(5): 13– 23. 29852053
  4. [7]Baker S Waycott J Robertson E, et al. Evaluating the use of interactive virtual reality technology with older adults living in residential aged care. Inf Process Manag 2019; 57(3): 102105.
  5. [8]Hughes S Warren-Norton K Spadafora P, et al. Supporting optimal aging through the innovative use of virtual reality technology. Multimodal Technol Interact 2017; 1(4): 23. DOI: 10.3390/mti1040023. · DOI · Paper page
  6. [9]Fox J Arena D Bailenson JN. Virtual reality: a survival guide for the social scientist. J Media Psychol 2009; 21(3): 95– 113. DOI: 10.1027/1864-1105.21.3.95. · DOI
  7. [10]Appel L Appel E Bogler O, et al. Older adults with cognitive and/or physical impairments can benefit from immersive virtual reality experiences: a feasibility study. Front Med; 6: 329. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00329. PMC6974513 32010701 · DOI · Paper page
  8. [11]Chesham A Wyss P Müri RM, et al. What older people like to play: genre preferences and acceptance of casual games. JMIR Serious Games 2017; 5: e8. 28420601 PMC5413800
  9. [12]Kim A Darakjian N Finley JM. Walking in fully immersive virtual environments: an evaluation of potential adverse effects in older adults and individuals with parkinson’s disease. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2017; 14: 16. DOI: 10.1186/s12984-017-0225-2. 28222783 PMC5320768 · DOI
  10. [13]Benham S Kang M Grampurohit N. Immersive virtual reality for the management of pain in community-dwelling older adults. OTJR (Thorofare N J) 2019; 39: 90– 96. 30595096
  11. [15]Morris LD Louw QA Grimmer-Somers K. The effectiveness of virtual reality on reducing pain and anxiety in burn injury patients: a systematic review. Clin J Pain; 25: 815– 826. DOI: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e3181aaa909. 19851164 · DOI
  12. [16]Yeşilyaprak SS Yildirim MŞ Tomruk M, et al. Comparison of the effects of virtual reality-based balance exercises and conventional exercises on balance and fall risk in older adults living in nursing homes in Turkey. Physiother Theory Pract 2016; 32: 191– 201. 27049879
  13. [17]Strong J. Immersive virtual reality and persons with dementia: a literature review. J Gerontol Soc Work 2020; 63: 209– 226. DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2020.1733726. 32091323 · DOI
  14. [20]Henderson L Knight T. Integrating the hedonic and eudaimonic perspectives to more comprehensively understand wellbeing and pathways to wellbeing. Int J Wellbeing 2012; 2: 196– 221.
  15. [21]Ryan RM Deci EL. On happiness and human potentials: a review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annu Rev Psychol; 52: 141– 166. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141. 11148302 · DOI · Paper page
  16. [22]Ryff CD Singer BH. Know thyself and become what you are: a eudaimonic approach to psychological well-being. J Happiness Stud 2008; 9: 13– 39. DOI: 10.1007/s10902-006-9019-0. · DOI · Paper page
  17. [24]Segerstrom SC Eisenlohr-Moul TA Evans DR, et al. Repetitive thought dimensions, psychological well-being, and perceived growth in older adults: a multilevel, prospective study. Anxiety Stress Coping 2015; 28: 287– 302. 25055116 PMC4334760
  18. [26]Keefe FJ Huling DA Coggins MJ. Virtual reality for persistent pain. Pain 2013; 153: 2163– 2166. PMC3472118 22770840
  19. [27]Chirico A Lucidi F De Laurentiis M, et al. Virtual reality in health system: beyond entertainment. A mini-review on the efficacy of VR during cancer treatment. J Cell Physiol; 231: 275– 287. DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25117. 26238976 · DOI · Paper page
  20. [28]Miller KJ Adair BS Pearce AJ, et al. Effectiveness and feasibility of virtual reality and gaming system use at home by older adults for enabling physical activity to improve health-related domains: a systematic review. Age Ageing 2014; 43: 188– 195. 24351549
  21. [29]Chen YM Li YP. Motivators for physical activity among ambulatory nursing home older residents. Sci World J 2014; 2014: 329– 397. DOI: 10.1155/2014/329397. PMC4098987 25054175 · DOI
  22. [30]Gonzalez J Mayordomo T Torres M, et al. Reminiscence and dementia: a therapeutic intervention. Int Psychogeriatr 2015; 27: 1731– 1737. 25765779
  23. [32]Dietrichkeit M Grzella K Nagel M, et al. Using virtual reality to explore differences in memory biases and cognitive insight in people with psychosis and healthy controls. Psychiatry Res 2020; 285: 112787. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112787. 32058878 · DOI
  24. [33]Słyk S Zarzycki MZ Kocwa-Karnaś A, et al. Virtual reality in the diagnostics and therapy of neurological diseases. Expert Rev Med Devices 2019; 16: 1035– 1040. DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2019.1693892. 31739698 · DOI
  25. [34]Chao Y-Y Scherer YK Montgomery CA. Effects of using nintendo wiiTM exergames in older adults: a review of the literature. J Aging Health 2015; 27: 379– 402. 25245519
  26. [35]Warden V Hurley AC Volicer L. Development and psychometric evaluation of the pain assessment in advanced dementia (PAINAD) scale. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2003; 4(1): 9– 15. DOI: 10.1097/01.JAM.0000043422.31640.F7. 12807591 · DOI
  27. [37]Strauss A Corbin J. Basics of qualitative research: techniques for developing grounded theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications Inc., 1998.
  28. [38]Cotelli M Manenti R Zanetti O. Reminiscence therapy in dementia: a review. Maturitas 2012; 72: 203– 205. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.04.008. 22607813 · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Chaze, F., Hayden, L., Azevedo, A., Kamath, A., Bucko, D., Kashlan, Y., Dube, M., De Paula, J., Jackson, A., Reyna, C., Warren-Norton, K., Dupuis, K., & Tsotsos, L.
Affiliations
  • Sheridan College (US)
  • Sheridan College (CA)
  • Sheridan College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Oakville, ON, Canada
Corresponding author
Chaze, Ferzana
Venue
Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering
Published
2022-02-09
Volume
9
Pages
20556683211072384-20556683211072384
ISSN
2055-6683 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4211117631
Cited by
72
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 2
FWCI
23.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • SOURCE Sheridan's Institutional Repository (Sheridan College) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (520081-17)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Demography › Technology Use by Older Adults
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
Keywords
virtual reality, older adults, long-term care, well-being, pain distraction, reminiscence, social interaction, cognitive impairment, immersive experience

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review