Notes on synaptic vesicles and related structures, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes and peroxisomes in nervous tissue and the adrenal medulla
Abstract
This paper reviews aspects of the origin and fate of synaptic vesicles and of the related catecholamine-containing secretion granules of the adrenal medulla. Most attention is given to evidence concerning the proposal that the membrane surrounding synaptic vesicles can originate from axonal agranular reticulum, participate in exocytosis and endocytosis and eventually undergo degradation in lysosomes of axons and perikarya. A number of relevant details of the roles of several organelles in neurons and other cells of the nervous system are discussed. The paper centers around microscopic and cytochemical work on a few experimental systems.
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Peroxisomes are few in neuron perikarya or dendrites, rare within axons, and absent in synaptic terminals in the spinal cord except during early development.
“While mitochondria fill dendrites and axons, peroxisomes are few in neuron perikarya or dendrites, rare within axons [251,253,254,255,292,293], and absent in synaptic terminals in the spinal cord [255] except during early development [255].”
From Revisiting the Pathogenesis of X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (2025) · cites this paper as [255]
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Peroxisomes in brain development and function
Berger, J., Dorninger, F., Forss-Petter, S., & Kunze, M. (2016) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.12.005 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Koch, J., Feichtinger, R. G., Freisinger, P., Pies, M., Schrödl, F., Iuso, A., Sperl, W., Mayr, J. A., Prokisch, H., & Haack, T. B. (2016) · Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103500 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Ultrastructural localization of D-amino acid oxidase in microperoxisomes of the rat nervous system
Arnold, G., Liscum, L., & Holtzman, E. (1979) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/27.3.39097 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Self-citationPeroxisomes in dorsal root ganglia
CITKOWITZ, E., & HOLTZMAN, E. (1973) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/21.1.34 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationRole of peroxisomes in human lipid metabolism and its importance for neurological development
Wanders, R. J. A., & Poll-The, B. T. (2017) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2015.06.018 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Revisiting the Pathogenesis of X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
Bougnères, P., & Le Stunff, C. (2025) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes16050590 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
- Authors
- HOLTZMAN, E., TEICHBERG, S., ABRAHAMS, S. J., CITKOWITZ, E., CRAIN, S. M., KAWAI, N., & PETERSON, E. R.
- Affiliations
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1973-04
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 349-385
- ISSN
- 0022-1554 (ISSN-L)
- 1551-5044
- OpenAlex
- W2071249409
- Cited by
- 146
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 11.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Keywords
- synaptic vesicles, adrenal medulla, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, peroxisomes, exocytosis, endocytosis, nervous tissue, neurons, organelles
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Medulla, Animals, Catecholamines, Cell Membrane, Chick Embryo, Cytoplasmic Granules, Endocytosis, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Exocytosis, Histocytochemistry, Hydrolases, Lysosomes, Microbodies, Microscopy, Electron, Nerve Endings, Neurons, Organoids, Synaptic Membranes, Synaptic Vesicles, Rats
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