The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Impact of Financial Leverage on the Financial Performance of the Firms Listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange
Open accessAbstract
Japan is widely regarded as one of the world’s most developed nations. The country’s electronics industry, in particular, is consistently ranked among the global leaders in innovatiion. Industries such as automotive, construction, electronics, metal, and telecommunications, companies have traditionally leaned more heavily on debt financing for both their day-to-day operations and investment endeavors, rather than relying on equity financing. In Japan, debt financing is favored as cost-effective source of capital compared to equity financing. The study selected 257 automotive, construction, electronic, metal, and telecommunications companies between 2000 and 2021. To find the effect of financial leverage on financial performance, the study used the random effect and the GMM to estimate the effect of the firms’ leverage on financial performance. The study found that interest coverage has a positive and statistically significant effect on ROA, ROE, and Tobin’s Q. The study discovered that cash coverage has a positive and statistically significant effect on ROE. The study found that debt service obligations have a negative and statistically significant effect on financial performance.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cites
A Model of the Demand for Money by Firms
Miller, M. H., & Orr, D. (1966) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/1880728 · Cited by 1,340
Impact of Financial Leverage on Firm Performance: Textile Composite Companies of Pakistan
Iqbal, U., & Usman, M. (2018) · SEISENSE Journal of Management · doi:10.33215/sjom.v1i2.13 · Cited by 43
Research works printed but not linked: 131
- Adenugba A. A., 2016, European Journal of Research and Reflection in Management Sciences, 4, 14
- 10.1007/s10644-021-09321-z · DOI
- 10.1016/j.tourman.2019.104019 · DOI
- 10.1093/epolic/eiab013 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.302 · DOI
- Amahalu N., 2017, Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2, 90
- 10.32424/jorim.v2i2.66 · DOI
- 10.3390/su15097424 · DOI
- Amnim O. E. L., 2021, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11, 1331
- Arhinful R., 2023, International Journal of Finance and Banking Research, 9, 19
- 10.1108/JCMS-10-2022-0038 · DOI
- 10.1080/14631377.2020.1745563 · DOI
- 10.21511/imfi.18(3).2021.22 · DOI
- 10.22259/2638-549X.0201003 · DOI
- Bansal R., 2014, Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5, 153
- 10.1111/j.1542-4774.2010.tb00505.x · DOI
- 10.1016/j.renene.2022.04.086 · DOI
- 10.1111/acfi.12801 · DOI
- Brealey R. A., 2018, Principles of corporate finance, 12
- 10.1016/S2212-5671(14)00844-2 · DOI
- Castley R., 2016, Korea’s economic miracle: The crucial role of Japan
- 10.1017/CBO9780511510861 · DOI
- Christie R., 2021, Policy Contribution, 22, 21
- Cole A., 2017, Tax Foundation Fiscal Fact, 548
- DeAngelo H., DeAngelo L. (2007). Capital structure, payout policy, and financial flexibility (Marshall School Of Business Working Paper No. FBE, 02-06). · DOI
- Delele M., 2021, The determinants of financial distress: An emperical study on construction companies in Amhara region
- Demiraj R., 2023, PressAcademia Procedia, 16, 156
- 10.1016/j.ememar.2017.08.001 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.ribaf.2017.07.011 · DOI
- Dirman A., 2020, International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 22, 17
- Dore R., 2013, Flexible rigidities: Industrial policy and structural adjustment in the Japanese economy, 1970-1980
- 10.2991/icame-18.2019.20 · DOI
- 10.24052/JBRMR/V12IS02/TIOCCOEIDAESOTLFIE · DOI
- 10.9790/5933-0531725 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.eswa.2007.10.014 · DOI
- Farrell R., 2008, Japanese investment in the world economy: A study of strategic themes in the internationalisation of Japanese industry, 10.4337/9781848442825 · DOI
- Faruk H., 2010, Performance evaluation and ratio analysis of Pharmaceutical Company in Bangladesh [Master’s thesis]
- Ferris S. P., 1999, University of Pittsburgh Law Review, 61, 629
- 10.1016/j.jup.2021.101197 · DOI
- Frydenberg S., 2011, Frihetog mangfold, Festsskrift til odd, 87
- 10.1177/1354816620983148 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0929-1199(00)00007-9 · DOI
- 10.1596/0-8213-2974-X · DOI
- Gofwan H., 2022, IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 2, 39
- 10.1016/S0927-538X(01)00025-7 · DOI
- 10.1002/9781119571278.ch19 · DOI
- 10.1016/0304-405X(79)90023-0 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0014-2921(00)00046-5 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1540-627X.2006.00174.x · DOI
- Hertina D., 2021, Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 12, 1702
- Hertina D., 2019, International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 6, 93
- Holmstrom B., 2015, The 13th BIS Annual Conference
- Hoshi T., 2004, Corporate financing and governance in Japan: The road to the future
- Hoshi T., 1989, National Bureau of Economic Research.
- 10.1002/smj.2121 · DOI
- Ibrahim U. A., 2020, Open Journal of Business and Management, 12, 124
- 10.1080/13504851.2019.1645272 · DOI
- 10.1002/ijfe.1657 · DOI
- Jensen M. C., 2019, Corporate governance, 239
- 10.1080/09537325.2021.1963699 · DOI
- 10.1515/9780804765602 · DOI
- 10.1080/14697680802448777 · DOI
- 10.3390/jrfm14120588 · DOI
- Kelley M. P., 1990, George Mason Law Review, 13, 347
- Kenn-Ndubuisi J. I., 2019, Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 19, 13
- 10.4097/kja.19087 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.finmar.2020.100532 · DOI
- 10.1007/s11142-013-9233-z · DOI
- Kirimi P. N., 2017, Effect of debt finance on financial performance of savings and credit cooperative societies in Maara sub-county
- Krasnow M. J., 1993, California Western International Law Journal, 24, 55
- Kuncoro S., 2017, Accounting Analysis Journal, 6, 39
- 10.1016/j.mulfin.2021.100703 · DOI
- 10.1057/s41267-020-00398-8 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.ememar.2022.100908 · DOI
- 10.19030/jabr.v29i2.7646 · DOI
- Marito B. C., 2020, Economics The Open-Access Open-Assessment E-Journal, 7, 10
- 10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2020.101558 · DOI
- McCauley R., 2000, The Quarterly Review, 52
- 10.3390/su15129263 · DOI
- 10.18551/rjoas.2019-02.18 · DOI
- 10.12775/OeC.2016.019 · DOI
- 10.1257/jep.2.4.99 · DOI
- 10.1016/0378-4266(94)00134-O · DOI
- Mollemans M. (2002). The convertible bond announcement effect in Japan (Working Paper No. 1). Macquarie University. · DOI
- 10.1257/jep.15.2.81 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1142/S2010495221500111 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.jfineco.2008.04.008 · DOI
- 10.1023/A:1027324317663 · DOI
- 10.1108/13217341111181078 · DOI
- Ofulue I., 2022, KASU Journal of Management Science, 4, 172
- 10.3390/jrfm13030047 · DOI
- Ohno I., 2016, Japanese development cooperation: The making of an aid architecture pivoting to Asia, 159
- 10.1007/978-1-4842-7830-7_5 · DOI
- Omollo B. A., 2020, Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 9, 150
- Ong T. S., 2012, International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, 6, 135
- Palomino F., 2019, FEDS Notes. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
- 10.1080/07474938.2014.956623 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/0308518X211047599 · DOI
- 10.1177/0306307019886829 · DOI
- 10.1108/MAJ-06-2021-3183 · DOI
- Posen A. S., 1998, Restoring Japan’s economic growth, 57
- 10.55493/5002.v12i11.4660 · DOI
- Rahmi Y., 2021, International Journal of Business, Economics, and Law, 24, 54
- Rehman M. Z., 2015, Journal of Applied Finance and Banking, 5, 159
- Restianti T., 2018, Accounting Analysis Journal, 7, 25
- 10.2307/2329989 · DOI
- 10.2753/0577-5132570301 · DOI
- 10.1177/1536867X0900900106 · DOI · Paper page
- Sahminan S., 2021, Impacts of global financial conditions on non-financial corporate leverage in Indonesia
- 10.1108/JMD-01-2017-0029 · DOI
- Santos L. L., Gomes C., Lisboa I. (2023). The impact of macroeconomic factors on the hotel industry through the financial leverage trends: The Portuguese case. In Information Resources Management Association (Ed.), Research anthology on macroeconomics and the achievement of global stability (pp. 1565–1582). IGI Global. · DOI
- Senaviratna N. A. M. R., 2019, Journal of Probability and Statistics, 5, 1
- 10.14710/jbs.26.2.146-162 · DOI
- 10.21632/irjbs.4.2.103-119 · DOI
- Strahan P. E., 1999, (FRB of New York staff report 90)
- 10.1111/1468-2443.00003 · DOI
- Suhaila M. K., 2008, (MPRA Paper 14616). University Library of Munich
- 10.1016/j.econlet.2021.109767 · DOI
- Tahir I. M., 2011, International Journal of Economics & Management Sciences, 1, 32
- Toton S. J., 2002, The debt service coverage ratio: An exploratory analysis by property type and geographic region
- 10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.03.006 · DOI
- 10.1007/s11187-008-9150-x · DOI
- 10.1007/978-3-540-88802-4_16 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.bir.2022.06.010 · DOI
- Wahjudi E., 2019, The Journal of Management Development, 39, 4
- 10.1111/0022-1082.254893 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1468-2443.2010.01125.x · DOI
- 10.3846/jbem.2019.9861 · DOI
- Yenni Y., 2021, Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 2, 15
- 10.1016/j.indmarman.2017.05.006 · DOI
- 10.1080/13563469608406251 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Khoza, F. (2025) · Journal of Risk and Financial Management · doi:10.3390/jrfm18090510 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Arhinful, R., & Radmehr, M.
- Affiliations
- Cyprus International University (CY)
- Corresponding author
- Arhinful, Richard
- Venue
- Sage Open
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2023-10
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- ISSN
- 2158-2440 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4388707333
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 57.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- SAGE Open (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › Corporate Finance and Governance
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Accounting › Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Accounting › Working Capital and Financial Performance
- Keywords
- leverage, financial performance, debt financing, interest coverage ratio, debt service obligations, return on assets, return on equity, Tobin's Q, Japanese listed companies, electronics industry, automotive industry, telecommunications industry, construction industry, metal industry
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Impact of Financial Leverage on the Financial Performance of the Firms Listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/21582440231204099
- The paper
- Arhinful, R., & Radmehr, M. (2023). The Impact of Financial Leverage on the Financial Performance of the Firms Listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. Sage Open. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231204099