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Proposed classification of lymphoid neoplasms for epidemiologic research from the Pathology Working Group of the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph)
Open accessAbstract
Recent evidence suggests that there is etiologic heterogeneity among the various subtypes of lymphoid neoplasms. However, epidemiologic analyses by disease subtype have proven challenging due to the numerous clinical and pathologic schemes used to classify lymphomas and lymphoid leukemias over the last several decades. On behalf of the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph) Pathology Working Group, we present a proposed nested classification of lymphoid neoplasms to facilitate the analysis of lymphoid neoplasm subtypes in epidemiologic research. The proposed classification is based on the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms and the International Classification of Diseases–Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3). We also provide a translation into the proposed classification from previous classifications, including the Working Formulation, Revised European-American Lymphoma (REAL) classification, and ICD-O-2. We recommend that epidemiologic studies include analyses by lymphoma subtype to the most detailed extent allowable by sample size. The standardization of groupings for epidemiologic research of lymphoma subtypes is essential for comparing subtype-specific reports in the literature, harmonizing cases within a single study diagnosed using different systems, as well as combining data from multiple studies for the purpose of pooled analysis or meta-analysis, and will probably prove to be critical for elucidating etiologies of the various lymphoid neoplasms.
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BackgroundIncreased Risk for Lymphoid and Myeloid Neoplasms in Elderly Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients
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“. ATLL is classified in a separate category in the Revised European American Lymphoma Classification, and as a peripheral T cell lymphoma in the World Health Organization classification”
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“We identified MCL cases using ICD-O-3 histology code 9673(24) in accordance with the InterLymph Consortium classification of lymphoid neoplasms for epidemiologic research based on the 2008WHO classification.(25,26)”
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Self-citationvan Veldhoven, K., Khan, A. E., Teucher, B., Rohrmann, S., Raaschou‐Nielsen, O., Tjønneland, A. M., Overvad, K., Vigl, M., Boeing, H., Benetou, V., et al. (2010) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2010.11.010 · Cited by 43
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“Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the tenth most common cancer in the world in 2018 (1), while the most common NHL subtype is diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), comprising approximately 30% of NHL (2).”
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Self-citationVajdic, C. M., Landgren, O., McMaster, M. L., Slager, S. L., Brooks-Wilson, A. R., Smith, A., Staines, A. S., Doǧan, A., Ansell, S. M., Sampson, J. N., et al. (2014) · JNCI Monographs · doi:10.1093/jncimonographs/lgu002 · Cited by 40
“All LPL/WM cases met the criteria for LPL/WM described by the World Health Organization classification (1,32) and satisfied the classification suggested subsequently by the InterLymph Pathology Working Group (33,34).”
MethodSelf-citationMcCullough, M. L., Teras, L. R., Shah, R. A., Diver, W. R., Gaudet, M. M., & Gapstur, S. M. (2014) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.114.197475 · Cited by 40
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Self-citationMbulaiteye, S. M., Morton, L. M., Sampson, J. N., Chang, E. T., Costas, L., de Sanjosé, S., Lightfoot, T. J., Kelly, J. L., Friedberg, J. W., Cozen, W., et al. (2014) · JNCI Monographs · doi:10.1093/jncimonographs/lgu003 · Cited by 39
“An interdisciplinary team of pathologists and epidemiologists reviewed the pathology reports from the original studies to ensure that the NHL subtype classification was as accurate and specific as possible using guidelines from the InterLymph Pathology Working Group (19,20).”
MethodSelf-citationPeriodontal disease and risk of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in the Health Professionals Follow‐Up Study
Bertrand, K. A., Shingala, J., Evens, A. M., Birmann, B. M., Giovannucci, E. L., & Michaud, D. S. (2016) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.30518 · Cited by 39
“Major histologic subtypes of NHL were determined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphomas(27) based on morphology and immunophenotype information available in medical records and the pathology report and consistent with recent InterLymph.(30,31) For diagnoses of chronic lymphocytic…”
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Reproductive Factors and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Risk in the California Teachers Study
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“reported no association between parity and overall NHL or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, classified according to the World Health Organization [20] and the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph) guidelines [21].”
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“according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology 3 edition using morphology codes: 9678/3, 9679/3, 9680/3, and 9684/3.(26,27) All pathology reports were reviewed to”
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Lerro, C. C., Andreotti, G., Koutros, S., Lee, W. J., Hofmann, J. N., Sandler, D. P., Parks, C. G., Blair, A. E., Lubin, J. H., & Freeman, L. E. B. (2018) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djy005 · Cited by 37
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“Methods to translate other coding schemes to ICD-O-3 have been described, and NHL subtypes were consistent with other InterLymph pooled analyses [23].”
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Self-citationDistributions of major sub-types of lymphoid malignancies among adults in Mashhad, Iran
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“Cases were identified using International Classification of Diseases for Oncology third edition (ICD-O-3) morphology codes.(26) Only patients diagnosed following the introduction of the World Health Organization Classification(27) and translation of this into ICDO-3(28) were included.”
MethodSelf-citationHosgood, H. D., Purdue, M. P., WANG, S. S., Zheng, T., Morton, L. M., Qing Lan, B., Menashe, I., Zhang, Y., Cerhan, J. R., Grulich, A. E., et al. (2011) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08518.x · Cited by 35
“…and a confirmatory central pathology review was performed for cases with 90% certainty to be NHL. NHL subtypes were categorized according to the World Health Organization classification using the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph) guidelines (Morton et al, 2007).”
MethodSelf-citationCocco, P., Vermeulen, R. C. H., Flore, M. V., Nonne, T., Campagna, M., Purdue, M. P., Blair, A. E., Monnereau, A., Orsi, L., Clavel, J., et al. (2013) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oemed-2013-101551 · Cited by 34
Self-citationRisk Factors for Melanoma Among Survivors of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Lam, C. J. K., Curtis, R. E., Dores, G. M., Engels, E. A., Caporaso, N. E., Polliack, A., Warren, J. L., Young, H. A., Levine, P. H., Elmi, A. F., et al. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2014.60.2094 · Cited by 35
Self-citationXiao, D. Y., Luo, S., O’Brian, K., Sanfilippo, K. M., Ganti, A., Riedell, P. A., Lynch, R. C., Liu, W., Kahl, B. S., Cashen, A. F., et al. (2016) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djw145 · Cited by 36
“A retrospective cohort of patients with a new diagnosis of DLBCL between January 1, 2001, and September 30, 2008, was assembled from the Veteran’s Health Administration Central Cancer Registry (VACCR) based on the InterLymph classification system (International Classification of Diseases [ICD]-O3 codes 9680/3 and 9684…”
MethodOlszewski, A. J., & Desai, A. J. (2014) · International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics · doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.11.225 · Cited by 35
Leiba, M., Leiba, A., Keinan‐Boker, L., Avigdor, A., Derazne, E., Levine, H., & Kark, J. D. (2016) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.29792 · Cited by 34
Influence of morphology on survival for non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Europe and the United States
Sant, M., Allemani, C., Angelis, R. D., Carbone, A., de Sanjosé, S., Gianni, A. M., Giraldo, P., Marchesi, F., Marcos‐Gragera, R., Martos, C., et al. (2008) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2007.12.016 · Cited by 34
Self-citationLeo, Q. J. N., Ollberding, N. J., Wilkens, L. R., Kolonel, L. N., Henderson, B. E., Marchand, L. L., & Maskarinec, G. (2014) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-014-0447-6 · Cited by 32
“NHL types were classified into the following categories according to the adaptation of the World Health Organization classification for epidemiologic studies using the International Classification of Disease Oncology version 3 [21, 22]: DLBCL (9679, 9680, 9684), FL (9690, 9691, 9695, 9698), chronic lymphocytic leukemi…”
MethodRisk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma after radiotherapy for solid cancers
Kim, C. J., Freedman, D. M., Curtis, R. E., de González, A. B., & Morton, L. M. (2012) · Leukemia & lymphoma/Leukemia and lymphoma · doi:10.3109/10428194.2012.753543 · Cited by 32
Self-citationRole of Rituximab and Rituximab Biosimilars in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Coleman, M., Lammers, P. E., Ciceri, F., & Jacobs, I. A. (2016) · Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma & Leukemia · doi:10.1016/j.clml.2016.01.004 · Cited by 31
Dietary intake of fruit and vegetables and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Chiu, B. C. ‐., Kwon, S., Evens, A. M., Surawicz, T. S., Smith, S. M., & Weisenburger, D. D. (2011) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-011-9797-5 · Cited by 31
“We also conducted analyses for six major histological subtypes of NHL, as recommended for the epidemiologic study of NHL [26].”
MethodSelf-citationPrevalence and association of hepatitis C virus infection with different types of lymphoma
Iqbal, T., Mahale, P. S., Turturro, F., Kyvernitakis, A., & Torres, H. A. (2015) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.29845 · Cited by 31
“Among this group, patients with available information on detectable HCV-RNA or history of HCV infection treatment were considered to be chronically infected with HCV. NHL and HL cases were classified for subtype-specific analysis using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification…”
MethodAl-Katib, A. M., Sun, Y., Goustin, A. S., Azmi, A. S., Chen, B., Aboukameel, A., & Mohammad, R. M. (2009) · Journal of Hematology & Oncology · doi:10.1186/1756-8722-2-8 · Cited by 31
Herr, M. M., Schonfeld, S. J., Dores, G. M., Withrow, D. R., Tucker, M. A., Curtis, R. E., & Morton, L. M. (2018) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djy052 · Cited by 30
“We identified LNs using ICD-O-3 morphology codes, grouped according to the WHO classification (14,18), and included the six most common LN subtypes: DLBCL, FL, CLL/SLL, marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), plasma cell neoplasm (PCN), and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) (Table 1).”
MethodSelf-citationIwanaga, M., Chiang, C., Soda, M., Lai, M., Yang, Y., Miyazaki, Y., Matsuo, K., Matsuda, T., & Sobue, T. (2013) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.28343 · Cited by 30
“lymphomas in the US Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) cancer registries, respectively.(14) Although the incidence rate of LPL/WM among Asian ethnic group was reported in the US SEER program,(8,15) the incidence rate in Asians living in the US is not always representative of the rate for Asians living in…”
BackgroundResultHepatitis C virus and risk of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in British Columbia, Canada
Spinelli, J. J., Lai, A. S., Krajden, M., Andonov, A. P., Gascoyne, R. D., Connors, J. M., Brooks-Wilson, A. R., & Gallagher, R. P. (2007) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.23105 · Cited by 30
Self-citationVermeulen, R. C. H., Hosnijeh, F. S., Portengen, L., Krogh, V., Palli, D., Panico, S., Tumino, R., Sacredote, C., Purdue, M. P., Lan, Q., et al. (2011) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0396 · Cited by 31
“Lymphoma was defined based on the World Health Organization classification system for lymphoid malignancies and includes all B-cell lymphomas (7, 8), A total of 86 patients with B-cell lymphomawere eligible, of which only 36 had adequate plasma volumes for sCD30 analyses.”
MethodKelly, R. S., Lundh, T., Porta, M. S., Bergdahl, I. A., Palli, D., Johansson, A., Botsivali, M., Vineis, P., Vermeulen, R. C. H., Kyrtopoulos, S. Α., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081892 · Cited by 30
“To take potential subtype heterogeneity into account, subtype specific analyses were conducted to the most detailed extent allowable by sample size, according to the hierarchies proposed by Morton et al [23].”
MethodEdlefsen, K. L., Martı́nez-Maza, O., Madeleine, M. M., Magpantay, L. I., Mirick, D. K., Kopecky, K. J., LaCroix, A. Z., & Roos, A. J. D. (2014) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.28724 · Cited by 29
“Subtypes of NHL were grouped based on the World Health Organization and the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph) guidelines.(17) Our population includes 142 participants with CLL/SLL/prolymphocytic leukemia (CLL/SLL/PLL; 28.”
MethodBulka, C. M., Nastoupil, L. J., McClellan, W., Ambinder, A. J., Phillips, A. A., Ward, K. C., Bayakly, A. R., Switchenko, J. M., Waller, L. A., & Flowers, C. R. (2013) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.28083 · Cited by 29
“Incident cases were separated into B-cell NHL (NHL-B), T-cell NHL (NHL-T), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and follicular lymphoma (FL) using International Classification of Diseases for Oncology third edition codes based on the proposed World Health Organization-based nested classification of malignant lymphoi…”
Rota, M., Porta, L., Pelucchi, C., Negri, E., Bagnardi, V., Bellocco, R., Corrao, G., Boffetta, P., & Vecchia, C. L. (2014) · Cancer Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.canep.2014.06.001 · Cited by 29
Dietary patterns and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the multiethnic cohort
Erber, E., Maskarinec, G., Gill, J. K., Park, S., & Kolonel, L. N. (2009) · Leukemia & lymphoma/Leukemia and lymphoma · doi:10.1080/10428190903030841 · Cited by 28
“NHL was classified according to the adaptation of the World Health Organization classification for epidemiologic studies using the International Classification of Disease Oncology version 3 [13,14]: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (9675–9680, 9684), follicular lymphoma (FL) (9690, 9691, 9695, 9698), chronic lymp…”
MethodTeras, L. R., Gapstur, S. M., Diver, W. R., Birmann, B. M., & Patel, A. V. (2012) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.27445 · Cited by 28
Hussain, S. K., Hessol, N. A., Levine, A. M., Breen, E. C., Anastos, K., Cohen, M. H., DʼSouza, G., Gustafson, D., Silver, S., & Martı́nez-Maza, O. (2013) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0614 · Cited by 28
“08 CD4þ T-cells/mm <200 13 (72) 28 (41) 200–400 3 (17) 12 (18) >400 2 (11) 28 (41) 0.”
BackgroundMethodA systematic review of validated methods for identifying lymphoma using administrative data
Herman, R. A., Gilchrist, B., Link, B. K., & Carnahan, R. M. (2012) · Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety · doi:10.1002/pds.2315 · Cited by 27
Becker, N., Falster, M. O., Vajdic, C. M., de Sanjosé, S., Martı́nez-Maza, O., Bracci, P. M., Melbye, M., Smedby, K. E. E., Engels, E. A., Turner, J., et al. (2012) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.27438 · Cited by 27
Self-citationThe U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Mini‐Sentinel Program
Platt, R. G., & Carnahan, R. M. (2012) · Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety · doi:10.1002/pds.3230 · Cited by 27
Troussard, X., Maître, E., & Paillassa, J. (2024) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.27240 · Cited by 25
Etiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A review from epidemiologic studies
Luo, J., Craver, A., Bahl, K., Stepniak, L., Moore, K., King, J., Zhang, Y., & Aschebrook‐Kilfoy, B. (2022) · Journal of the National Cancer Center · doi:10.1016/j.jncc.2022.08.003 · Cited by 25
Kanda, J., Matsuo, K., Inoue, M., Iwasaki, M., Sawada, N., Shimazu, T., Yamaji, T., Sasazuki, S., & Tsugane, S. (2010) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-1088 · Cited by 25
“1 for women (12), or almost half those in Western countries (11, 13); and the distribution of ML differs in Asian and Western countries, with marginal zone B-cell lymphoma being frequent in Asia, for example, whereas Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma are rare (11, 14, 15).”
BackgroundChang, E. T., Clarke, C. A., Canchola, A. J., Lu, Y., WANG, S. S., Ursin, G., West, D. W., Bernstein, L., & Horn‐Ross, P. L. (2010) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwq309 · Cited by 25
Self-citationBirth Order and Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma—True Association or Bias?
Grulich, A. E., Vajdic, C. M., Falster, M. O., Kane, E. V., Smedby, K. E. E., Bracci, P. M., de Sanjosé, S., Becker, N., Turner, J., Martı́nez-Maza, O., et al. (2010) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwq167 · Cited by 24
Self-citationLiu, Y., Yu, K., Li, M., Zeng, K., Wei, J., Li, X., Liu, Y., Zhao, D., Fan, L., Yu, Z., et al. (2017) · Human Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2017.04.011 · Cited by 25
Dietary fat intake and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 2 large prospective cohorts
Bertrand, K. A., Giovannucci, E. L., ROSNER, B. A., Zhang, S. M., Laden, F., & Birmann, B. M. (2017) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.117.155010 · Cited by 24
Diver, W. R., Patel, A. V., Thun, M. J., Teras, L. R., & Gapstur, S. M. (2012) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-012-0001-3 · Cited by 24
“Histologic subtypes were defined using the Interlymph Pathology Working Group classifications [18], based on the 2001-revised WHO classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues [19].”
MethodCao, C., Feng, J., Gu, H., Tang, H., Xu, L., Dong, H., Dong, B., Shu, M.-M., Bai, Q.-X., Liang, R., et al. (2017) · Annals of Diagnostic Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.05.005 · Cited by 24
Improved survival for non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients in New South Wales, Australia
Yu, X. Q., Chen, W. H., & O’Connell, D. L. (2010) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/1471-2407-10-231 · Cited by 23
“As treatments for NHL depend on histological subtypes [13] and there are approximately 40 different subtypes [14], we grouped all subtypes into four broad groups according to the cell of origin as well as their response to therapy and overall survival.”
BackgroundAssociation between obesity and the risk of malignant lymphoma in Japanese: a case–control study
Kanda, J., Matsuo, K., Suzuki, T., Hosono, S., Ito, H. M., Ichinohe, T., Seto, M., Morishima, Y., Tajima, K., & Tanaka, H. (2009) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.24955 · Cited by 23
“Further, the distribution of ML differs between Asian and Western countries, with marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZL) common in Asia, whereas HL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) are rare.(25,28,29) It is therefore particularly important to evaluate the impact of obesity in large, c…”
BackgroundResultKanda, J., Matsuo, K., Inoue, M., Iwasaki, M., Sawada, N., Shimazu, T., Yamaji, T., Sasazuki, S., & Tsugane, S. (2010) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0171 · Cited by 23
“Thedistributionof histologic subtypes of ML differs in Asian and Western countries, with marginal zone B-cell lymphoma being more common, and Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma being rare (1, 18, 19).”
BackgroundPeckham‐Gregory, E. C., Thapa, D. R., Martinson, J. J., Duggal, P., Penugonda, S., Bream, J. H., Chang, P.-Y., Dandekar, S., Chang, S., Detels, R., et al. (2016) · Cancer Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.canep.2016.09.007 · Cited by 23
Blood transfusions and the subsequent risk of hematologic malignancies
Chang, C. M., Quinlan, S. C., Warren, J. L., & Engels, E. A. (2010) · Transfusion · doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02692.x · Cited by 23
No excess risk of follicular lymphoma in kidney transplant and HIV‐related immunodeficiency
Vajdic, C. M., van Leeuwen, M. T., Turner, J., McDonald, A. M., Webster, A. C., McDonald, S. P., Chapman, J. R., Kaldor, J. M., & Grulich, A. E. (2010) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.25272 · Cited by 22
“The classification of DLBCL and FL was stable over the entire period of follow-up,(9) and the lymphoma subtypes were classified according to current guidelines for epidemiological research.(10) Person-years (PY) of follow-up commenced on the date of HIV diagnosis or on the date of kidney transplantation.”
MethodSelf-citationIntentional weight loss and risk of lymphohematopoietic cancers
Roos, A. J. D., Ulrich, C. M., Ray, R. M., Mossavar‐Rahmani, Y., Rosenberg, C. A., Caan, B. J., Thomson, C. A., McTiernan, A., & LaCroix, A. Z. (2009) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-009-9453-5 · Cited by 22
“To investigate subtype-specific risks, neoplasms were further classified based on the WHO and the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph) guidelines [39, 40].”
Szumera‐Ciećkiewicz, A., Gałązka, K., Szpor, J., Rymkiewicz, G., Jesionek‐Kupnicka, D., Gruchała, A., Ziarkiewicz‐Wróblewska, B., Poniatowska-Broniek, G., Demczuk, S., & Prochorec‐Sobieszek, M. (2014) · PubMed Central · Cited by 22
DellaValle, C. T., Deziel, N. C., Jones, R. R., Colt, J. S., Roos, A. J. D., Cerhan, J. R., Cozen, W., Severson, R. K., Flory, A., Morton, L. M., et al. (2015) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-015-0660-y · Cited by 22
“We conducted separate and multinomial logistic regression analyses for NHL subtypes for which we had sufficient cases (n C 25), grouped according to the World Health Organization classification [33, 34] using the InterLymph consortium guidelines [35, 36].”
MethodSelf-citationShen, M., Menashe, I., Morton, L. M., Zhang, Y., Armstrong, B. K., WANG, S. S., Qing Lan, B., Hartge, P. A., Purdue, M. P., Cerhan, J. R., et al. (2010) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08364.x · Cited by 21
“The cases were grouped into NHL subtypes according to the World Health Organization classification (Jaffe, 2001) using the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium guidelines (Morton et al, 2007).”
MethodSelf-citationGapstur, S. M., Diver, W. R., McCullough, M. L., Teras, L. R., Thun, M. J., & Patel, A. V. (2012) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwr497 · Cited by 21
Metadata
- Authors
- Morton, L. M., Turner, J. J., Cerhan, J. R., Linet, M. S., Treseler, P. A., Clarke, C. A., Jack, A., Cozen, W., Maynadié, M., Spinelli, J. J., Costantini, A. S., Rüdiger, T., Scarpa, A., Zheng, T., & Weisenburger, D. D.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- St Vincent's Hospital Sydney (AU)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California (US)
- National Health Service (GB)
- University of Southern California (US)
- CHU Dijon Bourgogne (FR)
- BC Cancer Agency (CA)
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Center for Study and Prevention of Cancer, Scientific Institute of Tuscany, Florence, Italy;
- University of Würzburg (DE)
- University of Verona (IT)
- Yale University (US)
- University of Nebraska Medical Center (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Blood
- Publisher
- American Society of Hematology
- Published
- 2007-07-15
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 695-708
- ISSN
- 0006-4971 (ISSN-L)
- 1528-0020
- PMC
- PMC1924473
- OpenAlex
- W2061918976
- Cited by
- 387
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 20.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Blood (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (P50CA97274, R01CA092153, R01CA062006, N01-CN-35136, CA 62006-05, R01CA92153, P50CA097274)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Keywords
- lymphoid malignancies, lymphoma subtypes, classification standardization, lymphoid leukemia, ICD-O-3, WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms, REAL classification, Working Formulation, lymphoma etiology
- MeSH terms
- Europe, Hodgkin Disease, Humans, Lymphoma, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, North America, Reproducibility of Results
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