Natural evolution of sleep apnoea syndrome: a five year longitudinal study
Open accessAbstract
We wanted to investigate the natural evolution of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS). We therefore followed 58 patients who refused any treatment at the time of diagnosis. Of the eligible patients 32 subjects enrolled in instrumental follow-up. The effects on daytime somnolence, daytime lung function and nocturnal respiratory disturbances were retrospectively evaluated by repeating Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT), spirometry and polysomnography after a follow-up period of at least 5 years (5.7 +/- 0.2 SEM yrs). In the patient group as a whole the mean Apnoea+Hypopnoea Index (AHI), the mean low arterial oxygen saturation (Sao2) and the mean Body Mass Index (BMI) did not change over time. The only significant differences were the increase in mean duration of apnoeas (21.0 vs 23.5 s) and hypopneas (13.5 vs 16.3 s) and the decrease in AHI < 80% (13.3 vs 7.9). No correlations were found between the changes in AHI or mean low Sao2 and age, BMI, AHI, mean low Sao2, pulmonary function tests or arterial blood gases at baseline. No significant changes were observed in systemic blood pressure, pulmonary function tests, blood gases analysis or MSLT. "Improved" (n = 6) and "worsened" (n = 7) groups were defined by a reduction or increase in AHI over 35% of baseline value. At baseline the "worsened" group tended to have lower AHI and higher mean low Sao2 compared with the "improved" group. In the "worsened" group the BMI rose significantly from 26.0 to 29.2, AHI rose significantly from 14.1 to 51.3 and mean low Sao2 decreased from 92 to 90 (NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Several investigators showed an increase of severity in mild to moderate sleep apnoea patients over time independently of body mass index.
“While several investigators showed an increase of severity in mild to moderate sleep apnoea patients over time independently of the BMI, others failed to demonstrate deterioration of upper airway resistance syndromes or found improvements of respiratory disturbances 5, 18–24.”
From Non-CPAP therapies in obstructive sleep apnoea (2011) · cites this paper as [23]
The Follow-up evaluation reports that seven patients with relatively low baseline AHI worsened over five years, and their AHI increase was not significantly correlated with BMI gain. But the Discussion says no definite conclusion can be drawn about weight’s effect, and the group as a whole did not show worsening. The paper therefore supports worsening in a subgroup, not a general increase in mild-to-moderate patients independently of BMI. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredOther investigators failed to demonstrate deterioration of upper airway resistance syndromes or found improvements of respiratory disturbances.
“While several investigators showed an increase of severity in mild to moderate sleep apnoea patients over time independently of the BMI, others failed to demonstrate deterioration of upper airway resistance syndromes or found improvements of respiratory disturbances 5, 18–24.”
From Non-CPAP therapies in obstructive sleep apnoea (2011) · cites this paper as [23]
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- Authors
- Sforza, E., Addati, G., Cirignotta, F., & Lugaresi, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Bologna (IT)
- ORCID
- Cirignotta, F
- Venue
- European Respiratory Journal
- Publisher
- European Respiratory Society (ERS)
- Published
- 1994-10-01
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1765-1770
- ISSN
- 0903-1936 (ISSN-L)
- 1399-3003
- OpenAlex
- W1990250121
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Respiratory Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Keywords
- obstructive sleep apnea, natural history (disease), untreated patients, apnea-hypopnea index, nocturnal hypoxemia, hypopnea, daytime somnolence, body mass index, lung function, blood pressure, longitudinal follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Body Mass Index, Polysomnography
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