Cited by 53Gestational Diabetes Research and ManagementPregnancy and preeclampsia studiesBirth, Development, and Health

Inter-pregnancy weight change impacts placental weight and is associated with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the second pregnancy

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Wallace, Jacqueline M, Bhattacharya, Sohinee, Campbell, Doris M, Horgan, Graham W·2014·BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The inter-pregnancy period is considered a teachable moment when women are receptive to weight- management guidance aimed at optimising pregnancy outcome in subsequent pregnancies. In population based studies inter-pregnancy weight change is associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes but the impact on placental size is unknown. METHODS: The association between inter-pregnancy weight change and the primary risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the second pregnancy was investigated in 12,740 women with first two consecutive deliveries at a single hospital using logistic regression. RESULTS: Compared with women who were weight stable, weight loss (>1BMI unit) between pregnancies was associated with an increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery, low placental weight and small for gestational age (SGA) birth, while weight gain (>3BMI units) increased the risk of pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, emergency caesarean section, placental oversize and large for gestational age (LGA) birth at the second pregnancy. The relationship between weight gain and pre-eclampsia risk was evident in women who were overweight at first pregnancy only (BMI ≥25 units), while that between weight loss and preterm delivery was confined to women with a healthy weight at first pregnancy (BMI <25 units). In contrast, the association between weight loss and SGA was independent of first pregnancy BMI. A higher percentage of women who were obese at first pregnancy were likely to experience a large weight gain (P < 0.01) or weight loss (P < 0.001) between consecutive pregnancies compared with the normal BMI reference group. CONCLUSION: Inter-pregnancy weight change in either direction increases the risk of a number of contrasting pregnancy complications, including extremes of placental weight. The placenta may lie on the causal pathway between BMI change and the risk of LGA or SGA birth.

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  • Women who gain weight between pregnancies are more likely to have a large placenta subsequently, whereas those with significant inter-pregnancy weight loss are more prone to placental growth restriction in their second pregnancy.

    “Women who gain weight between pregnancies are more likely to have a large placenta subsequently whereas those with significant inter-pregnancy weight loss are more prone to placental growth restriction in their second pregnancy (553).”

    From Placental Origins of Chronic Disease (2016) · cites this paper as [553]

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Authors
Wallace, J. M., Bhattacharya, S., Campbell, D. M., & Horgan, G. W.
Affiliations
  • University of Aberdeen (GB)
  • Aberdeen Maternity Hospital (GB)
  • Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland (GB)
Corresponding author
Wallace, Jacqueline M
Venue
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Published
2014-01-22
Volume
14
Issue
1
Pages
40-40
ISSN
1471-2393 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2119758137
Cited by
53
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1
FWCI
5.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Aberdeen University Research Archive (Aberdeen University) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division
  • Scottish Government
  • University of Aberdeen
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
Keywords
placental weight, second pregnancy, adverse pregnancy outcomes, preterm birth, preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, cesarean section, small for gestational age, large for gestational age, maternal obesity, maternal overweight, body mass index
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Cesarean Section, Female, Humans, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Obesity, Organ Size, Placenta, Pre-Eclampsia, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Retrospective Studies, Weight Gain, Weight Loss, Body Mass Index, Incidence, Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced, Premature Birth, Young Adult

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