A longitudinal analysis of the risk factors for diabetes and coronary heart disease in the Framingham Offspring Study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The recent trends in sedentary life-styles and weight gain are likely to contribute to chronic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The temporal sequence and pathways underlying these conditions can be modeled using the knowledge from the biomedical and social sciences. METHODS: The Framingham Offspring Study in the U.S. collected information on 5124 subjects at baseline, and 8, 12, 16, and 20 years after the baseline. Dynamic random effects models were estimated for the subjects' weight, LDL and HDL cholesterol, and blood pressure using 4 time observations. Logistic and probit models were estimated for the probability of diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) events. RESULTS: The subjects' age, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and cigarettes smoked were important predictors of the risk factors. Moreover, weight and height were found to differentially affect the probabilities of diabetes and CHD events; body weight was positively associated with the risk of diabetes while taller individuals had lower risk of CHD events. CONCLUSION: The results showed the importance of joint modeling of body weight, LDL and HDL cholesterol, and blood pressure that are risk factors for diabetes and CHD events. Lower body weight and LDL concentrations and higher HDL levels achieved via physical exercise are likely to reduce diabetes and CHD events.
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People with the metabolic syndrome are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
“Patients with the metabolic syndrome also are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.”
From Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement (2005) · cites this paper as [62]
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- Authors
- Bhargava, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Houston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bhargava, Alok
- ORCID
- Bhargava, Alok
- Venue
- Population Health Metrics
- Published
- 2003-04-14
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-3
- ISSN
- 1478-7954 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC156626
- OpenAlex
- W2114781264
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 2.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Population Health Metrics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- World Health Organization
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG017625)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Keywords
- diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, risk factors, Framingham Offspring Study, body weight, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, blood pressure, joint modeling, sedentary lifestyle, cardiovascular disease
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