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Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread
Open accessAbstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is caused by a newly discovered coronavirus (SARS-CoV). No effective prophylactic or post-exposure therapy is currently available. Results: We report, however, that chloroquine has strong antiviral effects on SARS-CoV infection of primate cells. These inhibitory effects are observed when the cells are treated with the drug either before or after exposure to the virus, suggesting both prophylactic and therapeutic advantage. In addition to the well-known functions of chloroquine such as elevations of endosomal pH, the drug appears to interfere with terminal glycosylation of the cellular receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. This may negatively influence the virus-receptor binding and abrogate the infection, with further ramifications by the elevation of vesicular pH, resulting in the inhibition of infection and spread of SARS CoV at clinically admissible concentrations. Conclusion: Chloroquine is effective in preventing the spread of SARS CoV in cell culture. Favorable inhibition of virus spread was observed when the cells were either treated with chloroquine prior to or after SARS CoV infection. In addition, the indirect immunofluorescence assay described herein represents a simple and rapid method for screening SARS-CoV antiviral compounds.
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus
Li, W., Moore, M. J., Vasilieva, N., Sui, J., Wong, S. K., Berne, M. A., Somasundaran, M., Sullivan, J. L., Luzuriaga, K., Greenough, T. C., et al. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02145 · Cited by 5,923
Thorens, B., & Vassalli, P. (1986) · Nature · doi:10.1038/321618a0 · Cited by 147
Cited by
Guo (2020) · doi:10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0 · Cited by 4,735
Alhazzani, W., Møller, M. H., Arabi, Y. M., Loeb, M., Gong, M. N., Fan, E., Oczkowski, S., Levy, M. M., Derde, L., Dzierba, A., et al. (2020) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-020-06022-5 · Cited by 2,105
Immunology of COVID-19: Current State of the Science
Vabret, N., Britton, G. J., Gruber, C., Hegde, S., Kim, J., Kuksin, M., Levantovsky, R., Malle, L., Moreira, A., Park, M. D., et al. (2020) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.05.002 · Cited by 1,623
Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): challenges and recommendations
Phua, J., Weng, L., Ling, L., Egi, M., Lim, C.-M., Divatia, J. V., Shrestha, B. R., Arabi, Y. M., Ng, J., Gomersall, C. D., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30161-2 · Cited by 1,509
Zhang, W., Zhao, Y., Zhang, F., Wang, Q., Li, T., Liu, Z., Wang, J., Qin, Y., Zhang, X., Yan, X., et al. (2020) · Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.clim.2020.108393 · Cited by 1,266
Metadata
- Authors
- Vincent, M. J., Bergeron, E., Benjannet, S., Erickson, B. R., Rollin, P. E., Ksiazek, T. G., Seidah, N. G., & Nichol, S. T.
- Venue
- Virology Journal
- Published
- 2005-08-22
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 69-69
- ISSN
- 1743-422X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2095807050
- Cited by
- 1,811
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 5.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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