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Cited by 56Migraine and Headache StudiesCircadian rhythm and melatoninCerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus

Cerebrospinal fluid sodium rhythms

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Harrington, Michael G, Salomon, Ronald M, Pogoda, Janice M, Oborina, Elena, Okey, Neil, Johnson, Benjamin, Schmidt, Dennis, Fonteh, Alfred N +1 more·2010·Cerebrospinal Fluid Research
DOI 10.1186/1743-8454-7-3PMC PMC2822736
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sodium levels have been reported to rise during episodic migraine. Since migraine frequently starts in early morning or late afternoon, we hypothesized that natural sodium chronobiology may predispose susceptible persons when extracellular CSF sodium increases. Since no mammalian brain sodium rhythms are known, we designed a study of healthy humans to test if cation rhythms exist in CSF. METHODS: Lumbar CSF was collected every ten minutes at 0.1 mL/min for 24 h from six healthy participants. CSF sodium and potassium concentrations were measured by ion chromatography, total protein by fluorescent spectrometry, and osmolarity by freezing point depression. We analyzed cation and protein distributions over the 24 h period and spectral and permutation tests to identify significant rhythms. We applied the False Discovery Rate method to adjust significance levels for multiple tests and Spearman correlations to compare sodium fluctuations with potassium, protein, and osmolarity. RESULTS: The distribution of sodium varied much more than potassium, and there were statistically significant rhythms at 12 and 1.65 h periods. Curve fitting to the average time course of the mean sodium of all six subjects revealed the lowest sodium levels at 03.20 h and highest at 08.00 h, a second nadir at 09.50 h and a second peak at 18.10 h. Sodium levels were not correlated with potassium or protein concentration, or with osmolarity. CONCLUSION: These CSF rhythms are the first reports of sodium chronobiology in the human nervous system. The results are consistent with our hypothesis that rising levels of extracellular sodium may contribute to the timing of migraine onset. The physiological importance of sodium in the nervous system suggests that these rhythms may have additional repercussions on ultradian functions.

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  • Ionic concentrations were set to match human cerebrospinal fluid osmolality, providing extracellular sodium levels required for proper electrophysiological function.

    “Ionic concentrations were chosen to match human cerebrospinal fluid osmolality 45, thus providing extracellular sodium concentrations necessary for proper electrophysiological function.”

    From Efficient derivation of microglia-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells (2016) · cites this paper as [45]

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Authors
Harrington, M. G., Salomon, R. M., Pogoda, J. M., Oborina, E., Okey, N., Johnson, B., Schmidt, D., Fonteh, A. N., & Dalleska, N. F.
Affiliations
  • Huntington Medical Research Institutes (US)
  • Vanderbilt University (US)
  • California Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author
Harrington, Michael G
ORCID
Venue
Cerebrospinal Fluid Research
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2010-01-20
Volume
7
Issue
1
Pages
3-3
ISSN
1743-8454 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/1743-8454-7-3
PMC
PMC2822736
OpenAlex
W2170884984
Cited by
56
References
38
Citations by year
2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5
FWCI
2.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Vanderbilt University (UL1 RR024975)
  • Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum
  • Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance (UL1 RR024975, RR024975)
  • National Institutes of Health (RR024975)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS043295)
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR024975, UL1RR024975)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Migraine and Headache Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
Keywords
cerebrospinal fluid sodium, chronobiology, circadian rhythm, ultradian rhythms, cerebrospinal fluid protein, extracellular sodium, healthy volunteers

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