The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The effect of antihypertensive agents on sleep apnea: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and hypertension are well-known cardiovascular risk factors. Their control could reduce the burden of heart disease across populations. Several drugs are used to control hypertension, but the only consistently effective treatment of OSA is continuous positive airway pressure. The identification of a drug capable of improving OSA and hypertension simultaneously would provide a novel approach in the treatment of both diseases. Methods/Design: This is a randomized double-blind clinical trial, comparing the use of chlorthalidone with amiloride versus amlodipine as a first drug option in patients older than 40 years of age with stage I hypertension (140 to 159/90 to 99 mmHg) and moderate OSA (15 to 30 apneas/hour of sleep). The primary outcomes are the variation of the number of apneas per hour and blood pressure measured by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. The secondary outcomes are adverse events, somnolence scale (Epworth), ventilatory parameters and C reactive protein levels. The follow-up will last 8 weeks. There will be 29 participants per group. The project has been approved by the ethics committee of our institution. Discussion: The role of fluid retention in OSA has been known for several decades. The use of diuretics are well established in treating hypertension but have never been appropriately tested for sleep apnea. As well as testing the efficacy of these drugs, this study will help to understand the mechanisms that link hypertension and sleep apnea and their treatment. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01896661
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“This sample size was consistent with sample sizes of 24–35 participants conventionally recommended for pilot and feasibility studies.7678”
From Acceptance and commitment therapy for mild traumatic brain injury (ACTion-mTBI): a quasiexperimental feasibility study (2025) · cites this paper as [76]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Chobanian, A. V. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.19.2560 · Cited by 25,386
2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
Authors Task Force Members, Mancia, G., Fagard, R., Narkiewicz, K., Redon, J., Zanchetti, A., Böhm, M., Christiaens, T., Cífková, R., Backer, G. D., et al. (2013) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht151 · Cited by 13,739
2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension
Mancia, G., Backer, G. D., Dominiczak, A. F., Cífková, R., Fagard, R. H., Germanò, G., Grassi, G. M., Heagerty, A. M., Kjeldsen, S. E., Laurent, S., et al. (2007) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e3281fc975a · Cited by 5,870
The ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group (2002) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.288.23.2981 · Cited by 5,664
Julius, S., Kjeldsen, S. E., Weber, M. A., Brunner, H. R., Ekman, S., Hansson, L., Hua, T. A., Laragh, J. H., McInnes, G. T., Mitchell, L., et al. (2004) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16451-9 · Cited by 2,557
2007 Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
Mancia, G., Backer, G. D., Dominiczak, A. F., Cifkova, R., Fagard, R., Germano, G., Grassi, G. M., Heagerty, A. M., Kjeldsen, S. E., Laurent, S., et al. (2007) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehm236 · Cited by 2,410
Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients
Jamerson, K., Weber, M. A., Bakris, G. L., Dahlöf, B., Pitt, B., Shi, V., Hester, A., Gupte, J., Gatlin, M., & Velazquez, E. J. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0806182 · Cited by 2,065
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in the Sao Paulo Epidemiologic Sleep Study
Tufik, S., Santos-Silva, R., Taddei, J. A., & Bittencourt, L. R. A. (2010) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2009.10.005 · Cited by 1,069 · cited 1×
“9% of adults [3].”
Pepperell, J., Ramdassingh-Dow, S., Crosthwaite, N., Mullins, R., Jenkinson, C., Stradling, J. R., & Davies, R. J. O. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07445-7 · Cited by 1,055
Population-Based Study of Sleep-Disordered Breathing as a Risk Factor for Hypertension
Young, T. B. (1997) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1997.00440360178019 · Cited by 967
Cardiovascular protection and blood pressure reduction: a meta-analysis
Staessen, J. A., Wang, J., & Thijs, L. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(01)06411-x · Cited by 939
Witkowski, A., Prejbisz, A., Florczak, E., Kądziela, J., Śliwiński, P., Bieleń, P., Michałowska, I., Kabat, M., Warchoł, E., Januszewicz, M., et al. (2011) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.173799 · Cited by 460
Thiazide Diuretics, Potassium, and the Development of Diabetes
Zillich, A. J., Garg, J. P., Basu, S., Bakris, G. L., & Carter, B. L. (2006) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000231552.10054.aa · Cited by 454
Yumino, D., Redolfi, S., Ruttanaumpawan, P., Su, M.-C., Smith, S., Newton, G. E., Mak, S., & Bradley, T. D. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.902452 · Cited by 452
Undiagnosed Sleep Apnea in Patients with Essential Hypertension
Fletcher, E. C., DeBEHNKE, R. D., LOVOI, M. S., & GORIN, A. B. (1985) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-103-2-190 · Cited by 449
Wright, J., Johns, R., Watt, I., Melville, A., & Sheldon, T. (1997) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.314.7084.851 · Cited by 410
Relationship between Overnight Rostral Fluid Shift and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Nonobese Men
Redolfi, S., Yumino, D., Ruttanaumpawan, P., Yau, B., Su, M.-C., Lam, J., & Bradley, T. D. (2008) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200807-1076oc · Cited by 400
Franse, L. V., Pahor, M., Bari, M. D., Somes, G. W., Cushman, W. C., & Applegate, W. B. (2000) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.35.5.1025 · Cited by 303
Gaddam, K., Pimenta, E., Thomas, S. J., Cofield, S. S., Oparil, S., Harding, S. M., & Calhoun, D. A. (2010) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/jhh.2009.96 · Cited by 289
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Resistant Hypertension
Gonçalves, S. C., Martinez, D., Gus, M., de Abreu-Silva, E. O., Bertoluci, C., Dutra, I., Branchi, T. V., Moreira, L. B., Fuchs, S. C. P. C., Tonelli, A. C., et al. (2007) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.07-1170 · Cited by 260
Self-citationFluid Shift by Lower Body Positive Pressure Increases Pharyngeal Resistance in Healthy Subjects
Chiu, K.-L., Ryan, C. M., Shiota, S., Ruttanaumpawan, P., Arzt, M., Haight, J. S., Chan, C. T., Floras, J. S., & Bradley, T. D. (2006) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200607-927oc · Cited by 226
Friedman, O., Bradley, T. D., Chan, C. T., Parkes, R., & Logan, A. G. (2010) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.154427 · Cited by 213
Drug therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults
Mason, M., Welsh, E. J., & Smith, I. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003002.pub3 · Cited by 192
Stoohs, R. A., & Guilleminault, C. (1992) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.101.5.1221 · Cited by 152
Drug therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults
Smith, I., Lasserson, T. J., & Wright, J. J. (2006) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003002.pub2 · Cited by 132 · cited 3×
“It has been suggested that drug therapy must be tailored to the mechanism of OSA identified in each patient [15].”
BackgroundDiagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Its Outcomes With Home Portable Monitoring
de Oliveira, A. C. T., Martinez, D., Vasconcelos, L. F. T., Cadaval Gonçalves, S., do Carmo Lenz, M., Costa Fuchs, S., Gus, M., de Abreu-Silva, E. O., Beltrami Moreira, L., & Danni Fuchs, F. (2009) · Chest · doi:10.1378/chest.08-1859 · Cited by 129
Self-citationLower body positive pressure increases upper airway collapsibility in healthy subjects
Su, M.-C., Chiu, K.-L., Ruttanaumpawan, P., Shiota, S., Yumino, D., Redolfi, S., Haight, J. S. J., & Bradley, T. D. (2008) · Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.resp.2008.03.004 · Cited by 125
Silverberg, D. S. (1997) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(97)00322-1 · Cited by 98
The Effect of Correction of Sleep-Disordered Breathing on BP in Untreated Hypertension
Hla, K. M., Skatrud, J. B., Finn, L. A., Palta, M., & Young, T. B. (2002) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.122.4.1125 · Cited by 95
Girvin, B., & Johnston, G. (2004) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000125440.28861.d6 · Cited by 28
Guerrero, P., Fuchs, F. D., Moreira, L. B., Martins, V. M., Bertoluci, C., Fuchs, S. C. P. C., & Gus, M. (2008) · Clinical and Experimental Hypertension · doi:10.1080/10641960802441906 · Cited by 27
Self-citationObservations on the effect of posture on the distribution of tissue fluid in the face
Vérel, D. (1955) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1955.sp005393 · Cited by 9
Silverberg, D., Oksenberg, A., & Iaina, A. (1998) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.158.11.1272 · Cited by 7
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Balk EM, Moorthy D, Obadan NO, Patel K, Ip S, Chung M, Bannuru RR, Kitsios GD, Sen S, Iovin RC: Diagnosis and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults. 2011, Rockville, MD: AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Decision aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions
Stacey, D., Légaré, F., Lewis, K., Barry, M. J., Bennett, C. L., Eden, K. B., Holmes-Rovner, M., Llewellyn-Thomas, H., Lyddiatt, A., Thomson, R., et al. (2017) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001431.pub5 · Cited by 6,685
3D-printing techniques in a medical setting: a systematic literature review
Tack, P., Victor, J. M. K., Gemmel, P., & Annemans, L. (2016) · BioMedical Engineering OnLine · doi:10.1186/s12938-016-0236-4 · Cited by 1,107
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS): A Beginner's Guide for Design and Implementation
Thair, H., Holloway, A. L., Newport, R., & Smith, A. D. (2017) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00641 · Cited by 520
Rezvan, P. H., Lee, K. J., & Simpson, J. A. (2015) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-015-0022-1 · Cited by 483
E-learning for health professionals
Vaona, A., Banzi, R., Kwag, K. H., Rigon, G., Cereda, D., Pecoraro, V. L., Tramacere, I., & Moja, L. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011736.pub2 · Cited by 439
Metadata
- Authors
- Cichelero, F. T., Martinez, D., Fuchs, S. C., Gus, M., Moreira, L. B., & Fuchs, F. D.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Fuchs, Flávio Danni
- Venue
- Trials
- Published
- 2014-01-02
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-1
- ISSN
- 1745-6215 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3892032
- OpenAlex
- W2168495171
- Cited by
- 301
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 8
- FWCI
- 25.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Trials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Lume (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
- Fundação Instituto de Pesquisas Econômicas
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- obstructive sleep apnea, hypertension, antihypertensive drugs, chlorthalidone, amiloride, amlodipine, diuretics, fluid retention, apnea-hypopnea index, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, C-reactive protein, cardiovascular risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antihypertensive Agents, Blood Pressure, Calcium Channel Blockers, Chlorthalidone, Clinical Protocols, Diuretics, Double-Blind Method, Drug Therapy, Combination, Humans, Hypertension, Research Design, Sleep, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Polysomnography, Amlodipine, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
